Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2019 Sep 4;9(9):CD009407.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009407.pub3.

Interventions for treating recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic midurethral tape surgery in women

Evangelia Bakali  1 , Eugenie Johnson, Brian S Buckley, Paul Hilton, Ben Walker, Douglas G Tincello
Affiliations

Interventions for treating recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic midurethral tape surgery in women

Evangelia Bakali et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. .

Abstract

Background: Surgery is a common treatment modality for stress urinary incontinence (SUI), usually offered to women for whom conservative treatments have failed. Midurethral tapes have superseded colposuspension because cure rates are comparable and recovery time is reduced. However, some women will not be cured after midurethral tape surgery. Currently, there is no consensus on how to manage the condition in these women.This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2013.

Objectives: To assess the effects of interventions for treating recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic midurethral tape surgery in women; and to summarise the principal findings of economic evaluations of these interventions.

Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Incontinence Specialised Register, which contains trials identified from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, MEDLINE Epub Ahead of Print, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP and handsearching of journals and conference proceedings (searched 9 November 2018). We also searched the reference lists of relevant articles.

Selection criteria: We included randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials in women who had recurrent stress urinary incontinence after previous minimally invasive midurethral tape surgery. We included conservative, pharmacological and surgical treatments.

Data collection and analysis: Two review authors checked the abstracts of identified studies to confirm their eligibility. We obtained full-text reports of relevant studies and contacted study authors directly for additional information where necessary. We extracted outcome data onto a standard proforma and processed them according to the guidance in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Main results: We included one study in this review. This study was later reported in an originally unplanned secondary analysis of 46 women who underwent transobturator tape for recurrent SUI after one or more previous failed operations. We were unable to use the data, as they were not presented according to the nature of the first operation.We excluded 12 studies, five because they were not randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and four because previous incontinence surgery was not performed using midurethral tape. We considered a further three to be ineligible because neither the trial report nor personal communication with the trialists could confirm whether any of the participants had previously undergone surgery with tape.We had also planned to develop a brief economic commentary summarising the principal findings of relevant economic evaluations but supplementary systematic searches did not identify any such studies.

Authors' conclusions: There were insufficient data to assess the effects of any of the different management strategies for recurrent or persistent stress incontinence after failed midurethral tape surgery. No published papers have reported exclusively on women whose first operation was a midurethral tape. Evidence from further RCTs and economic evaluations is required to address uncertainties about the effects and costs of these treatments.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

EB: Wellbeing of Women training fellowship. EJ: is Editorial Assistant for Cochrane Incontinence, whose single largest funder is the UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR). She did not participate in the editorial process for this review. BB: none known PH: has no current financial interests to declare. Within the last 20 years he has received commercial research funding for trials of surgery for SUI from Gynecare (1998 to 2003) and Gynae Ideas (2001 to 2003), and received reimbursement of travel expenses to attend meetings in connection with these studies. He was chair of the NICE guideline development group on urinary incontinence in women (2004 to 2007), and received an honorarium and travel expenses in association with this role. He has previously been a member of the NICE Interventional Procedures Advisory Committee, National Coordinating Centre for Health Technology Assessment Therapeutic Procedures Panel (2007 to 2008) and Clinical Evaluations and Trials Prioritisation Group (2008 to 2010), and the International Consultation on Incontinence section on surgery in women (2007 to 2009). Reimbursement of, or contribution to, travel expenses was received in respect of these activities. He was a member of The Scottish Independent Review of the Use, Safety and Efficacy of Transvaginal Mesh Implants in the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence and Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Women (2014‐2017), and was commissioned by the NHS National Services Scotland Central Legal Office, to provide expert advice in relation to legal claims relating to the use of mesh in gynaecological surgery (2014‐2018). BW: none known DT: none known

Figures

1
1
PRISMA study flow diagram ‐ search for clinical effectiveness studies
2
2
PRISMA study flow diagram ‐ search for economic evaluations for the brief economic commentary
3
3
Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for the included study.
4
4
Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Update of

References

References to studies included in this review

Abdel‐Fattah 2010 {published data only}
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M. Authors' reply re: Long‐term outcomes of transobturator tapes in women with stress urinary incontinence: E‐TOT randomized controlled trial [letter]. BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2017;124(10):1626. [sr‐incont76721] - PubMed
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M. No data available for the subset of participants with failed tape [personal communication]. Email to: D Tincello Exact date unknown: late 2017 to 2018. [NCT00136071; TRIALID.ETOT; sr‐incont41485]
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Cao G, Mostafa A. Long‐term outcomes for transobturator tension‐free vaginal tapes in women with urodynamic mixed urinary incontinence. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2017;36(4):902‐8. [sr‐incont74214] - PubMed
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Cao G, Mostafa A. Long‐term outcomes of transobturator tension‐free vaginal tapes as secondary continence procedures. World Journal of Urology 2017;35(7):1141‐8. [sr‐incont74555] - PubMed
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Familusi A, Ramsay I, Ayansina D, Mostafa A. Preoperative determinants for failure of transobturator tapes in the management of female urodynamic stress incontinence. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2010;110(1):18‐22. [NCT00136071; sr‐incont40971] - PubMed

References to studies excluded from this review

Barber 2008 {published data only}
    1. Barber MD, Kleeman S, Karram MM, Paraiso MF, Ellerkmann M, Vasavada S, et al. Risk factors associated with failure 1 year after retropubic or transobturator midurethral slings. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2008;199:666.e1‐e7. [sr‐incont29239] - PubMed
Cardozo 2002 {published data only (unpublished sought but not used)}
    1. Cardozo L, Rufford J. Comparative study of the efficacy, acceptability, morbidity and cost‐effectiveness of the 'Tension Free Vaginal Tape' and the periurethral injection of collagen in the management of recurrent stress incontinence. The National Research Register 2001, Issue 4. [N0116091776; sr‐incont16380]
    1. Cardozo L, Rufford J. Comparative study of the efficacy, acceptability, morbidity and cost‐effectiveness of the 'Tension Free Vaginal Tape' and the periurethral injection of collagen in the management of recurrent stress incontinence ‐ additional information [personal communication]. Email to: Cochrane Incontinence Information Specialist June 2002. [N0116091776; sr‐incont16380]
Enzelsberger 1993 {published data only}
    1. Enzelsberger H, Kurz C, Seifert M, Raimann H, Schatten C. Surgical treatment of recurrent stress incontinence: Burch versus lyodura sling operation‐‐a prospective study [Zur operativen Behandlung der Rezidivstreßinkontinenz: Burch‐versus Lyoduraschlingenoperation ‐ eine prospektive Studie]. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkunde 1993;53:467‐71. [sr‐incont100] - PubMed
Enzelsberger 1996 {published data only}
    1. Enzelsberger H, Helmer H, Schatten C. Comparison of Burch and Lyodura sling procedures for repair of unsuccessful incontinence surgery. Obstetrics and Gynecology 1996;88(2):251‐6. [sr‐incont2759] - PubMed
Hilton 2002 {unpublished data only}
    1. Hilton P. A prospective randomised comparative trial of a tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) and fascial sling procedure for 'secondary' genuine stress incontinence. The National Research Register 2001, Issue 1. [N0503016202; sr‐incont16383]
    1. Hilton P. Additional information about an ongoing trial. Email to: Cochranae Incontinence Information Specialist [personal communication] 11 June 2002. [N0503016202; sr‐incont16383]
    1. Hilton P. Re: Cochrane: Treatment of recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic suburethral tape surgery in women (098) [personal communication]. Email to: Lindsey Elstub and Evangelia Bakali 31 August 2018. [N0503016202; sr‐incont16383] - PubMed
Kociszewski 2016 {published data only}
    1. Kociszewski J, Majkusiak W, Pomian A, Tomasik P, Horosz E, Kuszka A, et al. The outcome of repeated mid urethral sling in SUI treatment after vaginal excisions of primary failed sling: preliminary study. BioMed Research International 2016;2016:1242061. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/1242061; sr‐incont75467] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Maher 2004 {published data only}
    1. Maher C. No further data available [personal communication]. Email to: D Tincello Exact date unknown late 2017 to 2018. [sr‐incont19005]
    1. Maher C, Qatawneh A, Baessler K, Cropper M, Schluter P. Laparoscopic colposuspension or tension‐free vaginal tape for recurrent stress urinary incontinence and/or intrinsic sphincter deficiency – a randomised controlled trial. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2004;23(5/6):433‐4. [Abstract number 25; sr‐incont19005]
Smithling 2017 {published data only}
    1. Smithling KR, Tran AM, Dave B, Chu CM, Chan R, Antosh DD, et al. Efficacy of repeat mid‐urethral sling for persistent or recurrent stress urinary incontinence. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2017;216(3 Suppl 1):S612‐3. [Abstract number 66; sr‐incont77288]
Tincello 2017 {published data only}
    1. Tincello D, Bach F, Toozs‐Hobson P. Surgery for recurrent stress incontinence in the UK 2007‐2015. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2017;36(Suppl S3):S200‐1. [Abstract number 239; sr‐incont77698]
Wallwiener 1995 {published data only}
    1. Wallwiener D, Grischke EM, Rimbach S, Maleika A, Bastert G. Endoscopic retropubic colposuspension: "Retziusscopy" versus laparoscopy‐‐a reasonable enlargement of the operative spectrum in the management of recurrent stress incontinence?. Endoscopic Surgery and Allied Technologies 1995;3(2‐3):115‐8. [sr‐incont2928] - PubMed
Watson 2002 {unpublished data only}
    1. Doyle PM. Comparison of two surgical methods for curing stress incontinence (recurrent) ‐ additional information [personal communication]. Email to: Cochrane Incontinence Information Specialist 13 June 2002. [N0280055971; sr‐incont16382]
    1. Watson C. Comparison of two surgical methods for curing stress incontinence (recurrent). The National Research Register 2001, Issue 4. [N0280055971; sr‐incont16382]
Zimmern 2016 {published data only}
    1. Zimmern PE, Gormley EA, Stoddard AM, Lukacz ES, Sirls L, Brubaker L, et al. Management of recurrent stress urinary incontinence after burch and sling procedures. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2016;35(3):344‐8. [sr‐incont74150] - PMC - PubMed

References to studies awaiting assessment

Carr 2017 {published data only}
    1. Carr L, Mai TL, Robert M, Quinlan D, Carlson K, Herschorn S, et al. Randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of autologous muscle derived cells for urinary sphincter repair. Journal of Urology 2017;197(4 Suppl 1):e609‐10. [Abstract number PNFBA‐03; sr‐incont77566]
    1. Carr L, Tu L, Robert M, Quinlan D, Carlson K, Herschorn S, et al. Autologous muscle derived cells for urinary sphincter repair in women with stress urinary incontinence: preliminary assessment of single and multiple treatment modalities. International Gynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2017; Vol. 28, issue 1 Suppl 1:S41‐2. [Abstract number 046; sr‐incont77978]
    1. Carr L, Tu LM, Magali R, Quinlan D, Carlson K, Herschorn S, et al. Autologous muscle derived cells for urinary sphincter repair for recurrent or persistent stress urinary incontinence after continence surgery. Journal of Urology 2017;197(4 Suppl 1):e982. [Abstract number PD50‐08; sr‐incont77215]
    1. Carr L, Tu LM, Robert M, Quinlan D, Carlson KV, Herschorn S, et al. A randomized, double‐blind, multicenter, placebo‐controlled study of autologous muscle derived cells for urinary sphincter repair (AMDC‐USR). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2017;36(Suppl S1):S35‐6. [Abstract number: Poster #M9; sr‐incont75956]
    1. Carr LK, Tu L, Robert M, Quinlan D, Carlson KV, Herschorn S, et al. Autologous muscle derived cells for urinary sphincter repair to treat women with recurrent or persistent stress urinary incontinence after continence surgery. International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2017; Vol. 28, issue 1 Suppl 1:S131‐2. [Abstract number 210; sr‐incont77979]

Additional references

Abdel‐Fattah 2005
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Ramsay I, NCT00136071. Transvaginal tension free vaginal tape‐obturator (TVT‐O) versus transobturator tape‐mentor (TOT) in the management of urodynamic stress urinary incontinence [Randomised prospective blinded trial comparing transvaginal tension free vaginal tape‐obturator (outside‐in) with transobturator tape‐mentor (inside‐out) in surgical management of urodynamic stress urinary incontinence]. clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00136071 (first received 26 August 2005). [NCT00136071; sr‐incont40211]
Abdel‐Fattah 2008a
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Ramsay I, Pringle S, Hardwick C, Tierney J, Ali H. (E‐TOT) Study: a randomised prospective single‐blinded study of two transobturator tapes in management of urodynamic stress incontinence: objective & patient reported outcomes. International Urogynecology Journal 2008;19(Suppl 2):S2‐3. [Abstract number 2]
Abdel‐Fattah 2008b
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Ramsay I, Pringle S, Hardwick C, Tierney J, Young D. (E‐TOT) Study: a randomised prospective single blinded study of two transobturator tapes in management of urodynamic stress incontinence: quality of life; sexual function at 1‐year. International Urogynecology Journal 2008;19(Suppl 2):S168‐9. [Abstract number 200]
Abdel‐Fattah 2010a
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Ramsay I, Pringle S, Hardwick C, Ali H, Young D, et al. Randomised prospective single‐blinded study comparing ‘inside‐out’ versus ‘outside‐in’ transobturator tapes in the management of urodynamic stress incontinence: 1‐year outcomes from the E‐TOT study. BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2010;117(7):870‐8. [NCT00136071; TRIALID.ETOT; sr‐incont39920] - PubMed
Abdel‐Fattah 2010b
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Familusi A, Ramsay I, Ayansina D, Mostafa A. Preoperative determinants for failure of transobturator tapes in the management of female urodynamic stress incontinence. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2010;110(1):18‐22. - PubMed
Abdel‐Fattah 2010c
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Ramsay I, Pringle S, Hardwick C, Ali H. Evaluation of transobturator tapes (E‐TOT) study: randomised prospective single‐blinded study comparing inside‐out vs. outside‐in transobturator tapes in management of urodynamic stress incontinence: short term outcomes. BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2010;117(7):870‐8. - PubMed
Abdel‐Fattah 2011a
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Ramsay I, Pringle S, Hardwick C, Ali H, Young D, et al. Evaluation of transobturator tension‐free vaginal tapes in management of women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence. Urology 2011;77(5):1070‐5. [NCT00136071; TRIALID.ETOT; sr‐incont41485] - PubMed
Abdel‐Fattah 2011b
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Familusi A, Ramsay I, N'Dow J. A randomised prospective single‐blinded study comparing "inside‐out" versus "outside‐in" transobturator tapes in the management of female stress urinary incontinence (E‐TOT study); 3 years follow‐up. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2011;30(6):825‐6. [Abstract number 18]
Abdel‐Fattah 2011c
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Hasafa Z, Mostafa A. Correlation of three validated questionnaires for assessment of outcomes following surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology 2011;157(2):226‐9. - PubMed
Abdel‐Fattah 2012
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Mostafa A, Familusi A, Ramsay I, N'Dow J. Prospective randomised controlled trial of transobturator tapes in management of urodynamic stress incontinence in women: 3‐year outcomes from the evaluation of transobturator tapes study. European Urology 2012;62(5):843‐51. - PubMed
Abdel‐Fattah 2014
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Hopper LR, Mostafa A. Evaluation of transobturator tension‐free vaginal tapes in the surgical management of mixed urinary incontinence: 3‐year outcomes of a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Urology 2014;191(1):114‐9. - PubMed
Abdel‐Fattah 2017a
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Cao G, Mostafa A. Long‐term outcomes for transobturator tension‐free vaginal tapes in women with urodynamic mixed urinary incontinence. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2017;36(4):902‐8. - PubMed
Abdel‐Fattah 2017b
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Cao G, Mostafa A. Long‐term outcomes of transobturator tension‐free vaginal tapes as secondary continence procedures. World Journal of Urology 2017;35(7):1141‐8. - PubMed
Abdel‐Fattah 2017c
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M. Authors' reply re: Long‐term outcomes of transobturator tapes in women with stress urinary incontinence: E‐TOT randomized controlled trial [letter]. BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2017;124(10):1626. - PubMed
Abdel‐Fattah 2017d
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M. Interim title: no data available for the subset of participants with failed tape [personal communication]. Email to: D Tincello Exact date unknown: late 2017 to 2018.
Abdel‐Fattah 2019
    1. Abdel‐Fattah M, Mostafa A, Familusi A, Ramsay I, N'Dow J. Corrigendum re "Prospective Randomised Controlled Trial of Transobturator Tapes in Management of Urodynamic Stress Incontinence in Women: 3‐Year Outcomes from the Evaluation of Transobturator Tapes Study" [European Urology 2012;62:843‐51; PMID: 22534058]. European Urology 2019;75(4):e119. - PubMed
Agur 2013
    1. Agur W, Riad M, Secco S, Litman H, Madhuvrata P, Novara G, et al. Surgical treatments of recurrent stress urinary incontinence in women: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials. European Urology 2013;64:323‐36. - PubMed
Alcalay 1995
    1. Alcalay M, Monga A, Stanton SL. Burch colposuspension: a 10–20 year follow up. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1995;102:740‐5. - PubMed
Andersson 2017
    1. Andersson K‐E, Cardozo L, Cruz F, Lee K‐S, Sahai A, Wein AJ. Pharmacological treatment of urinary incontinence. In: Abrams P, Cardozo L, Wagg A, Wein A editor(s). Incontinence: 6th International Consultation on Incontinence. 6th Edition. Bristol, UK: ICI‐ICS. International Continence Society, 2017:805‐957. [ISBN: 978‐0956960733]
Ashok 2010
    1. Ashok K, Wang A. Recurrent urinary stress incontinence: an overview. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 2010;36:467‐73. - PubMed
Boyers 2013
    1. Boyers D, Kilonzo M, Mostafa A, Abdel‐Fattah M. Comparison of an adjustable anchored single‐incision mini‐sling, Ajust(®), with a standard mid‐urethral sling, TVT‐O(TM): a health economic evaluation. British Journal of Urinary Incontinence 2013;112(8):1169‐77. - PubMed
Bugge 2004
    1. Bugge C, Adams EJ, Gopinath D, Reid F. Pessaries (mechanical devices) for pelvic organ prolapse in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2004, Issue 2. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004010.pub2] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Cammu 2009
    1. Cammu H, Abbeele E, Nagel H, Haentjens P. Factors predictive of outcome in tension‐free vaginal tape procedure for urinary stress incontinence in a teaching hospital. International Urogynaecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2009;20(7):775‐80. - PubMed
Cardozo 2010
    1. Cardozo L, Lange R, Voss S, Beardsworth A, Manning M, Viktrup L, et al. Short‐ and long‐term efficacy and safety of duloxetine in women with predominant stress urinary incontinence. Current Medical Research and Opinion 2010;26(2):253‐61. - PubMed
CRD 2015
    1. Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD). CRD databases: search strategies. 2015. crd.york.ac.uk/crdweb/searchstrategies.asp (accessed 28 June 2019).
de Cuyper 2008
    1. Cuyper EM, Ismail R, Maher CF. Laparoscopic Burch colposuspension after failed sub‐urethral tape procedures: a retrospective audit. International Urogynecology Journal 2008;19:681‐5. - PubMed
Dean 2017
    1. Dean N, Ellis G, Herbison GP, Wilson D, Mashayekhi A. Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017, Issue 7. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002239.pub3] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Dumoulin 2017
    1. Dumoulin C, Adewuyi T, Booth J, Bradley C, Burgio K, Hagen S, et al. Adult conservative management. In: Abrams P, Cardozo L, Wagg A, Wein A editor(s). Incontinence: 6th International Consultation on Incontinence. 6th Edition. Bristol, UK: ICI‐ICS. International Continence Society, 2017:1443‐628. [ISBN: 978‐0956960733]
Dumoulin 2018
    1. Dumoulin C, Cacciari LP, Hay‐Smith JC. Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 10. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005654.pub4] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
EndNote 2018 [Computer program]
    1. Clarivate Analytics. EndNote X8.2. Version X8.2. Philadelphia (PA): Clarivate Analytics, 2018.
Ford 2017
    1. Ford AA, Rogerson L, Cody JD, Aluko P, Ogah JA. Mid‐urethral sling operations for stress urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017, Issue 7. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006375.pub4] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Giarenis 2012
    1. Giarenis I, Mastoroudes H, Cardozo L, Robinson D. Rediscovery of open colposuspension as a salvage continence operation. International Urogynecology Journal 2012;23(8):1117‐22. - PubMed
Glazener 2017
    1. Glazener CM, Cooper K, Mashayekhi A. Bladder neck needle suspension for urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017, Issue 7. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003636.pub4] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
GRADEpro GDT 2015 [Computer program]
    1. McMaster University (developed by Evidence Prime Inc). GRADEpro GDT. Hamilton (ON), Canada: GRADE Working Group, McMaster University, 2015. Available at: http://gradepro.org (accessed 9 March 2017).
Gurol‐Urganci 2018
    1. Gurol‐Urganci I, Geary RS, Mamza JB, Duckett J, El‐Hamamsy D, Dolan L, et al. Long‐term rate of mesh sling removal following midurethral mesh sling insertion among women with stress urinary incontinence. JAMA 2018;320(16):1659‐69. - PMC - PubMed
Guyatt 2013a
    1. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Santesso N, Helfand M, Vist G, Kunz R, et al. GRADE guidelines: 12. Preparing summary of findings tables ‐ binary outcomes. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2013;66(2):158‐72. - PubMed
Guyatt 2013b
    1. Guyatt GH, Thorlund K, Oxman AD, Walter SD, Patrick D, Furukawa TA, et al. GRADE guidelines: 13. Preparing summary of findings tables and evidence profiles ‐ continuous outcomes. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2013;66(2):173‐83. - PubMed
Han 2012
    1. Han J‐Y, Moon KH, Park CM, Choo M‐S. Management of recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed midurethral sling: tape tightening or repeat sling?. International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2012;23:1279‐84. - PubMed
Haylen 2010
    1. Haylen BT, Ridder D, Freeman RM, et al. An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic floor dysfunction. International Urogynaecology Journal 2010;21:5‐26. - PubMed
Higgins 2003
    1. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta‐analyses. BMJ 2003;327(7414):557‐60. - PMC - PubMed
Higgins 2011
    1. Higgins JP, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Interventions 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from www.cochrane‐handbook.org.
Hilton 2008
    1. Hilton P. Long‐term follow‐up studies in pelvic floor dysfunction: the Holy Grail or a realistic aim. BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2008;115(2):135‐43. - PubMed
Hilton 2018 [pers comm]
    1. Hilton P. Information request [personal communication]. Email to: K Alberico 27 November 2018.
Hopper 2013a
    1. Hopper LR, Mostafa A, Abdel‐Fattah M. Evaluation of transobturator tapes in the surgical management of women with mixed urinary incontinence at 3 years follow‐up (Abstract). Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2013;33(8):920.
Hopper 2013b
    1. Hopper LR, Mostafa A, Abdel‐Fattah M. The effectiveness of transobturator tapes in the surgical management of women with mixed urinary incontinence: 3 year outcomes (Abstract number 612). 43rd Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS), 2013 Aug 26‐30, Barcelona, Spain. 2013.
Ismail 2017
    1. Ismail S, Tu L, Morin M. Predictive factors for the efficacy of autologous muscle derived cell injections in women with stress urinary incontinence (Abstract number 293). Neurourology and Urodynamics 2017; Vol. 36, issue Suppl S3:S273‐4.
Jackson 1996
    1. Jackson S, Donovan J, Brookes S, Eckford S, Swithinbank L, Abrams P. The Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms questionnaire: development and psychometric testing. British Journal of Urology 1996;77(6):805‐12. - PubMed
Karmakar 2015a
    1. Karmakar D, Mostafa A, Abdel‐Fattah M. A new validated score for detecting patient‐reported success on postoperative ICIQ‐SF: a novel two‐stage analysis from two large RCT cohorts (Abstract number PP 54). International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2015;26(1 Suppl 1):S81‐2. - PMC - PubMed
Karmakar 2015b
    1. Karmakar D, Mostafa A, Abdel‐Fattah M. Long‐term outcomes (8‐years) from the prospective randomized control trial of trans‐obturator tapes for stress incontinence in women (the ETOT study) (Abstract number PP 48). International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 2015;26(1 Suppl 1):S74‐5.
Karmakar 2017a
    1. Karmakar D, Mostafa A, Abdel‐Fattah M. A new validated score for detecting patient‐reported success on postoperative ICIQ‐SF: a novel two‐stage analysis from two large RCT cohorts. International Urogynecology Journal 2017;28(1):95‐100. - PMC - PubMed
Karmakar 2017b
    1. Karmakar D, Mostafa A, Abdel‐Fattah M. Long‐term outcomes of transobturator tapes in women with stress urinary incontinence: E‐TOT randomised controlled trial. BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2017;124(6):973‐81. - PubMed
Kirchin 2017
    1. Kirchin V, Page T, Keegan PE, Atiemo K, Cody JD, McClinton S, et al. Urethral injection therapy for urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017, Issue 7. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003881.pub4] - DOI - PubMed
Kunkle 2015
    1. Kunkle CM, Hallock JL, Hu X, Blomquist JL. Cost utility analysis of urethral bulking agents versus midurethral sling in stress urinary incontinence. Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery 2015;21(3):154‐9. - PubMed
Lapitan 2017
    1. Lapitan MCM, Cody JD, Mashayekhi A. Open retropubic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017, Issue 7. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002912.pub7] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Lee 2010
    1. Lee HN, Lee YS, Han JY, Jeong JY, Choo MS, Lee KS. Transurethral injection of bulking agent for treatment of failed mid‐urethral sling procedures. International Urogynecology Journal 2010;21(12):1479‐83. - PubMed
Liapis 2009
    1. Liapis A, Bakas P, Creatsas G. Tension‐free vaginal tape in the management of recurrent urodynamic stress incontinence after previous failed midurethral tape. European Urology 2009;55:1450‐8. - PubMed
Lovatsis 2010
    1. Lovatsis D, Easton W, Wilkie D, et al. Guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of recurrent urinary incontinence following pelvic floor surgery. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 2010;32:893‐8. - PubMed
Lovatsis 2017
    1. Lovatsis D, Easton W, Wilkie D. No. 248‐Guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of recurrent urinary incontinence following pelvic floor surgery. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 2017;39(9):e309‐14. - PubMed
MacLachlan 2014
    1. MacLachlan LS, Rovner ES. Management of failed stress urinary incontinence surgery. Current Urology Reports 2014;15(8):Article number 429. [DOI: 10.1007/s11934-014-0429-y] - DOI - PubMed
Margalith 2004
    1. Margalith I, Gillon G, Gordon D. Urinary incontinence in women under 65: quality of life, stress related to incontinence and patterns of seeking health care. Quality of Life Research 2004;13:1381‐90. - PubMed
Mariappan 2005
    1. Mariappan P, Alhasso AA, Grant A, N'Dow JM. Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) for stress urinary incontinence in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 3. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004742.pub2] - DOI - PubMed
McGuire 1992
    1. McGuire EJ, Wan J. Pubovaginal slings. In: Hurt WG editor(s). Urogynecological Surgery (Principles and techniques in gynecologic surgery series). Gaithersburg (MD): Aspen Publishers Inc, 1992:97‐105. [ISBN: 978‐0834203396]
Merlin 2001
    1. Merlin, T, Arlnold E, Petros P, et al. A systematic review of tension‐free urethropexy for stress urinary incontinence: intravaginal slingplasty and the tension‐free vaginal tape procedures. British Journal of Urology 2001;88:871‐80. - PubMed
Milsom 2017
    1. Milsom I, Altman D, Cartwright R, Lapitan MC, Nelson R, Sjöström S, et al. Epidemiology of urinary incontinence (UI) and other lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and anal (AI) incontinence. In: Abrams P, Cardozo L, Wagg A, Wein A editor(s). Incontinence: 6th International Consultation on Incontinence. 6th Edition. Bristol, UK: ICI‐ICS. International Continence Society, 2017:1‐141. [ISBN: 978‐0956960733]
Morling 2017
    1. Morling JR, McAllister DA, Agur W, Fischbacher CM, Glazener CM, Guerrero K, et al. Adverse events after first, single, mesh and non‐mesh surgical procedures for stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in Scotland, 1997‐2016: a population‐based cohort study. Lancet 2017;389(10069):629‐40. - PubMed
Mostafa 2011
    1. Mostafa A, Madhuvrata P, Abdel‐Fattah M. Preoperative urodynamic predictors of short‐term voiding dysfunction following a transobturator tension‐free vaginal tape procedure. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2011;115(1):49‐52. - PubMed
Nambiar 2017
    1. Nambiar A, Cody JD, Jeffery ST, Aluko P. Single‐incision sling operations for urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017, Issue 7. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008709.pub3] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
NHS England 2018
    1. NHS England. Vaginal mesh: high vigilance restriction period: immediate action required, all cases should be postponed if it is clinically safe to do so [letter]. i.emlfiles4.com/cmpdoc/9/7/2/8/1/1/files/47633_mesh‐letter‐to‐acute‐ceos... (Accessed 26 November 2018).
NICE 2015
    1. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Urinary incontinence in women: management. Clinical guideline [CG171]. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg171 Last updated 2015 (accessed 26 November 2018).
Nikolopoulos 2015
    1. Nikolopoulos KI, Betschart C, Doumouchtsis SK. The surgical management of recurrent stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 2015;94(6):568‐76. - PubMed
Papa Petros 2010
    1. Papa Petros PE. The integral theory system. A simplified clinical approach with illustrative case histories. Pelviperineology 2010;29(2):37‐51.
Parker 2016
    1. Parker WP, Gomelsky A, Padmanabhan P. Autologous fascia pubovaginal slings after prior synthetic anti‐incontinence procedures for recurrent incontinence: A multi‐institutional prospective comparative analysis to de novo autologous slings assessing objective and subjective cure. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2016;35(5):604‐8. - PubMed
Pradhan 2012
    1. Pradhan A, Jain P, Latthe PM. Effectiveness of midurethral slings in recurrent stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. International Urogynecology Journal 2012;23:831‐41. - PubMed
Rehman 2017
    1. Rehman H, Bezerra CA, Bruschini H, Cody JD, Aluko P. Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017, Issue 7. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001754.pub4] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Rovner 2017
    1. Rovner E, Athanasiou S, Choo M‐S, Cosson M, Dmochowski R, Gomelsky A, et al. Surgery for urinary incontinence in women. In: Abrams P, Cardozo L, Wagg A, Wein A editor(s). Incontinence: 6th International Consultation on Incontinence. 6th Edition. Bristol, UK: ICI‐ICS. International Continence Society, 2017:1741‐854. [ISBN: 978‐0956960733]
Schraffordt 2006
    1. Schraffordt Koops SE, Bisseling TM, Heintz AP, Vervest HA. The effectiveness of tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) and quality of life measured in women with previous urogynecologic surgery: analysis from The Netherlands TVT database. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2006;195:439‐44. - PubMed
Shemilt 2010
    1. Shemilt I, Thomas J, Morciano M. A web‐based tool for adjusting costs to a specific target currency and price year. Evidence and Policy 2010;6(1):51‐9.
Shemilt In Press
    1. Shemilt I, Aluko P, Graybill E, Craig D, Henderson C, Drummond M, Wilson ECF, Robalino S, Vale L, Campbell and Cochrane Economics Methods Group. Chapter 20: Incorporating economic evidence. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (Second Edition, Version 6.0). Chichester (UK): John Wiley & Sons, In Press [Draft version available online to Cochrane members from: https://training.cochrane.org/handbook ‐ Archie login required]:507‐23.
Smith 2011
    1. Smith AR, Artibani W, Drake MJ. Managing unsatisfactory outcome after mid‐urethral tape insertion. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2011;30:771‐4. - PubMed
Stav 2010
    1. Stav K, Dwyer PL, Rosamilia A, Schierlitz L, Lim YN, Chao F, et al. Repeat synthetic mid urethral sling procedure for women with recurrent stress urinary incontinence. Journal of Urology 2010;183(1):241‐6. - PubMed
Stewart 2017
    1. Stewart F, Berghmans B, Bø K, Glazener CM. Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017, Issue 12. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012390.pub2; CD012390] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Subak 2014
    1. Subak LL, Goode PS, Brubaker L, Kusek JW, Schembri M, Lukacz ES. Urinary incontinence management costs are reduced following Burch or sling surgery for stress incontinence. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 2014;211(2):171.e171‐177. [DOI: ] - PMC - PubMed
Ulmsten 1996
    1. Ulmsten U, Henriksson L, Johnson P, Varhos G. An ambulatory surgical procedure under local anesthesia for treatment of female urinary incontinence. International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 1996;7(2):81‐6. - PubMed
Villoro 2016
    1. Villoro R, Merino M, Hidalgo‐Vega A, Jimenez M, Martinez L, Aracil J. Women with urinary incontinence in Spain: health‐related quality of life and the use of healthcare resources. Maturitas 2016;94:52‐7. [DOI: ] - PubMed
Ward 2008
    1. Ward KL, Hilton P. Tension‐free vaginal tape versus colposuspension for primary urodynamic stress incontinence: 5‐year follow up. International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2008;115(2):226‐33. - PubMed
Ware 1993
    1. Ware JE, Snow KK, Kosinski M, Gandek B. SF‐36 Health survey manual and interpretation guide. Boston (MA): The Health Institute, New England Medical Centre, 1993. SF‐36 Health survey manual and interpretation guide. Boston (MA): The Health Institute, New England Medical Centre, 1993.

References to other published versions of this review

Bakali 2011
    1. Bakali E, Buckley BS, Hilton P, Tincello DG. Treatment of recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic suburethral tape surgery in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2011, Issue 10. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009407] - DOI - PubMed
Bakali 2013
    1. Bakali E, Buckley BS, Hilton P, Tincello DG. Treatment of recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed minimally invasive synthetic suburethral tape surgery in women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 2. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009407.pub2] - DOI - PubMed

Publication types