A Comprehensive Review of Cross-Sectional Imaging of the Nasolacrimal Drainage Apparatus: What Radiologists Need to Know

Abstract

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of the radiographic anatomy and cross-sectional imaging findings of the full gamut of nasolacrimal drainage apparatus diseases, highlighting imaging findings from the different nasolacrimal drainage apparatus surgeries, posttreatment complications, and potential imaging pitfalls. CONCLUSION. Radiologists play a critical role in guiding the management of nasolacrimal drainage apparatus diseases and should be familiar with the anatomy and characteristic imaging findings of commonly encountered nasolacrimal drainage apparatus abnormalities and surgeries.

Keywords: dacryocystitis; dacryocystocele; nasolacrimal canal; nasolacrimal drainage apparatus; nasolacrimal duct; nasolacrimal stent; nasolacrimal surgery; nasolacrimal tumor.