[Biologics in rheumatology]

Abstract

Background: Monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins were introduced into clinical rheumatology 20 years ago. Nowadays they are an established component of modern internal medical practice.

Objective: This article gives an overview of the breadth of biologics currently in clinical use.

Material and methods: Evaluation of published approval studies and guideline recommendations, discussion of the immunological principles and targets in the treatment with biologics.

Results: Monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins for influencing cytokine signals, T‑cell costimulation and B‑cell function are the most important innovations in the treatment of rheumatological diseases. Nowadays they are indispensible for the treatment of moderate and severe disease courses of rheumatoid arthritis, spondylarthropathies and vasculitides.

Conclusion: Although a cure or permanent freedom from symptoms in rheumatological autoimmune diseases is still not possible, much more favorable disease courses with less long-term limitations can be achieved by the early administration of biologics.

Keywords: Arthritis, rheumatoid; Belimumab; Infliximab; Rituximab; Spondylarthropathies.