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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2019 Sep 4;11(9):2091.
doi: 10.3390/nu11092091.

Whey Protein Combined with Low Dietary Fiber Improves Lipid Profile in Subjects with Abdominal Obesity: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Elin Rakvaag  1 , Rasmus Fuglsang-Nielsen  2 , Knud Erik Bach Knudsen  3 , Rikard Landberg  4 , Astrid Johannesson Hjelholt  2 , Esben Søndergaard  2 , Kjeld Hermansen  2   5 , Søren Gregersen  2   6
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Whey Protein Combined with Low Dietary Fiber Improves Lipid Profile in Subjects with Abdominal Obesity: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Elin Rakvaag et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Abdominal obesity is associated with elevated postprandial triglycerides (TG), an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies show that whey protein (WP) and dietary fiber may separately reduce postprandial TG. However, few studies have investigated the long-term effects of WP and dietary fiber on postprandial TG. We aimed to investigate the separate and combined long-term effects of WP and dietary fiber from wheat bran on postprandial TG and markers of lipid metabolism in subjects with abdominal obesity. We conducted a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, controlled, parallel intervention study. In a 2 × 2 factorial design, 73 adults were randomized to receive 60 g/day of either WP hydrolysate or maltodextrin (MD) combined with high-fiber wheat bran products (HiFi; 30 g dietary fiber/day) or low-fiber refined wheat products (LoFi; 10 g dietary fiber/day). A high-fat meal test was conducted before and after the intervention. Sixty-five subjects were included in the final analyses. There were no differences between intervention groups in postprandial TG assessed as incremental area under the curve (iAUC). WP-LoFi had reduced postprandial TG assessed as total area under the curve (tAUC) and reduced fasting TG compared with all other groups, and reduced fasting apolipoprotein B-48 compared with MD-LoFi. There were no changes in lipoprotein lipase activity. Total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B-100 were reduced after WP intake compared with MD. Total cholesterol was increased after HiFi intake compared with LoFi. In conclusion, intake of WP in combination with low-fiber cereal products for 12 weeks had beneficial effects on postprandial TG tAUC and fasting TG, but not on postprandial TG iAUC in subjects with abdominal obesity. Combining WP with high-fiber wheat bran products did not improve lipid profile.

Keywords: abdominal obesity; dietary fiber; postprandial lipemia; triglycerides; whey protein.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The sponsors were invited to comment on the study design and the manuscript, but the authors made the final decisions. Sponsors had no role in the study execution; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Participant flow diagram. HiFi, high fiber; LoFi, low fiber; MD, maltodextrin, WP, whey protein.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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