Abstract

PIP: Because of the increased rate of adolescent pregnancies, maternal-child nurses need to be aware of some of the special legal issues associated with pregnant adolescents. A pregnant adolescent has 4 options, each has legal implications. Abortion is a constitutionally protected right to privacy. However, state statutes vary in their treatment of adolescents seeking abortion. Parental notification may be required before an abortion can be performed. It is a nurse's obligation to be familiar with the state laws that apply to the adolescents they will encounter. It must be clearly understood that if the state has no parental involvement laws, it is a breach of patient confidentiality to notify parents. Retaining custody simply involves the mother keeping the child and raising it even though it is illegitimate. However, illegitimate children are today extended the rights and privileges of legitimate children e.g., inheritance, insurance benefits, and standing to sue in civil actions. Paternity can be either admitted to or demonstrated. Adoption laws vary tremendously by state, but they all function similarly in that the mother must sign away her right to custody. Some states allow for this to be revoked if the mother has somehow been forced or deceived into signing. Marriage is another option, however in most states the mother and father must be 18. In some states the age is 16 or 17 with parents' permission. In other states the couple can petition a judge for permission.