Gout, Hyperuricaemia and Crystal-Associated Disease Network (G-CAN) consensus statement regarding labels and definitions of disease states of gout

David Bursill¹, William J Taylor^{2

3}, Robert Terkeltaub⁴, Abhishek Abhishek⁵, Alexander K So⁶, Ana Beatriz Vargas-Santos⁷, Angelo Lino Gaffo⁸, Ann Rosenthal^{9

10}, Anne-Kathrin Tausche¹¹, Anthony Reginato¹², Bernhard Manger¹³, Carlo Sciré^{14

15}, Carlos Pineda¹⁶, Caroline van Durme¹⁷, Ching-Tsai Lin¹⁸, Congcong Yin¹⁹, Daniel Arthur Albert²⁰, Edyta Biernat-Kaluza²¹, Edward Roddy²², Eliseo Pascual^{23

24}, Fabio Becce²⁵, Fernando Perez-Ruiz^{26

27

28}, Francisca Sivera²⁹, Frédéric Lioté^{30

31}, Georg Schett³², George Nuki³³, Georgios Filippou¹⁴, Geraldine McCarthy^{34

35}, Geraldo da Rocha Castelar Pinheiro⁷, Hang-Korng Ea³⁶, Helena De Almeida Tupinambá³⁷, Hisashi Yamanaka^{38

39}, Hyon K Choi⁴⁰, James Mackay⁴¹, James R ODell⁴², Janitzia Vázquez Mellado⁴³, Jasvinder A Singh^{44

45

46}, John D Fitzgerald⁴⁷, Lennart T H Jacobsson⁴⁸, Leo Joosten⁴⁹, Leslie R Harrold^{50

51}, Lisa Stamp⁵², Mariano Andrés^{53

24}, Marwin Gutierrez⁵⁴, Masanari Kuwabara^{55

56}, Mats Dehlin⁵⁷, Matthijs Janssen⁵⁸, Michael Doherty⁵, Michael S Hershfield⁵⁹, Michael Pillinger⁶⁰, N Lawrence Edwards⁶¹, Naomi Schlesinger⁶², Nitin Kumar⁶³, Ole Slot⁶⁴, Sebastien Ottaviani⁶⁵, Pascal Richette⁶⁶, Paul A MacMullan⁶⁷, Peter T Chapman⁶⁸, Peter E Lipsky⁶⁹, Philip Robinson⁷⁰, Puja P Khanna⁷¹, Rada N Gancheva⁷², Rebecca Grainger^{73

3}, Richard J Johnson⁷⁴, Ritch Te Kampe¹⁷, Robert T Keenan⁷⁵, Sara K Tedeschi^{76

77}, Seoyoung Kim⁷⁸, Sung Jae Choi⁷⁹, Theodore R Fields⁸⁰, Thomas Bardin⁸¹, Till Uhlig⁸², Tim Jansen⁵⁸, Tony Merriman⁸³, Tristan Pascart⁸⁴, Tuhina Neogi⁸⁵, Viola Klück⁸⁶, Worawit Louthrenoo⁸⁷, Nicola Dalbeth⁸⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia davebursill@bigpond.com.
² Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
³ Wellington Regional Rheumatology Unit, Hutt Valley District Health Board, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
⁴ Department of Rheumatology, UCSD/ VA Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA.
⁵ Department of Academic Rheumatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
⁶ Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Service de RMR, Lausanne, Switzerland.
⁷ Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
⁸ Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
⁹ Division of Rheumatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
¹⁰ Translational Research Unit, Clement J Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
¹¹ Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital 'Carl Gustav Carus' of the Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
¹² Division of Rheumatology, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
¹³ Rheumatology and Immunology, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
¹⁴ Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
¹⁵ Epidemiology Unit, Italian Society for Rheumatology, Milan, Italy.
¹⁶ Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.
¹⁷ Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
¹⁸ Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
¹⁹ Department of Immunology and Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
²⁰ Department of Rheumatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
²¹ Outpatient Rheumatology Clinic, Nutritional and Lifestyle Medicine Centre, ORLIK, Warsaw, Poland.
²² Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK.
²³ Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
²⁴ Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
²⁵ Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
²⁶ Rheumatology Division, Cruces University Hospital, Baracaldo, Spain.
²⁷ Department of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, Biscay, Spain.
²⁸ Investigation Group for Arthritis, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Baracaldo, Spain.
²⁹ Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain.
³⁰ Department of Rhumatologie, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
³¹ Department of Rhumatologie, INSERM UMR-1132 and Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
³² Department of Internal Medicine III, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitatsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
³³ Insititute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
³⁴ Department of Rheumatology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
³⁵ School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
³⁶ Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France.
³⁷ Rheumatology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
³⁸ Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
³⁹ School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴⁰ Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁴¹ President and CEO, Aristea Therapeutics, San Diego, California, USA.
⁴² Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
⁴³ Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General de Mexico and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
⁴⁴ Department of Medicine at School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
⁴⁵ Medicine Service, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
⁴⁶ Division of Epidemiology at School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
⁴⁷ Department of Medicine/Rheumatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
⁴⁸ Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
⁴⁹ Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
⁵⁰ Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
⁵¹ Chief Scientific Officer, Corrona, LLC, Southborough, Massachusetts, USA.
⁵² Department of Medicine, Otago University, Christchurch, New Zealand.
⁵³ Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
⁵⁴ Division of Musculoskeletal and Rheumatic Diseases, Instituto Nacional Rehabilitación, México City, México.
⁵⁵ Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
⁵⁶ Department of Cardiology, Toranomon Hospital, Minato-ku, Japan.
⁵⁷ Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden.
⁵⁸ Department of Rheumatology, VieCuri Medical Centre, Venlo, The Netherlands.
⁵⁹ Division of Rheumatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
⁶⁰ Department of Rheumatology/Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA.
⁶¹ College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
⁶² Department of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
⁶³ Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
⁶⁴ Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spinal Disorders, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.
⁶⁵ Department of Rheumatology, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, University of Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
⁶⁶ Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, and INSERM UMR-1132 and Université de Paris, Paris, France.
⁶⁷ Division of Rheumatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
⁶⁸ Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand.
⁶⁹ CEO and CMO, AMPEL BioSolutions, LLC, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
⁷⁰ School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
⁷¹ Department of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
⁷² Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital 'St. Ivan Rilski', Sofia, Bulgaria.
⁷³ Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
⁷⁴ Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
⁷⁵ Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
⁷⁶ Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁷⁷ Arthritis Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁷⁸ Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁷⁹ Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical College, Ansan, South Korea.
⁸⁰ Weill Cornell Medical College, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA.
⁸¹ Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, and INSERM UMR-1132 and Université de Paris, Paris, France.
⁸² Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
⁸³ Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
⁸⁴ Department of Rheumatology, Lille Catholic University, Saint-Philibert Hospital, Lomme, France.
⁸⁵ Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁸⁶ Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
⁸⁷ Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
⁸⁸ Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

PMID: 31501138
PMCID: PMC7288724
DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215933

Gout, Hyperuricaemia and Crystal-Associated Disease Network (G-CAN) consensus statement regarding labels and definitions of disease states of gout

David Bursill et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019 Nov.

. 2019 Nov;78(11):1592-1600.

doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215933. Epub 2019 Sep 9.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia davebursill@bigpond.com.
² Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
³ Wellington Regional Rheumatology Unit, Hutt Valley District Health Board, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
⁴ Department of Rheumatology, UCSD/ VA Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA.
⁵ Department of Academic Rheumatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
⁶ Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Service de RMR, Lausanne, Switzerland.
⁷ Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
⁸ Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
⁹ Division of Rheumatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
¹⁰ Translational Research Unit, Clement J Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
¹¹ Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital 'Carl Gustav Carus' of the Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
¹² Division of Rheumatology, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
¹³ Rheumatology and Immunology, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
¹⁴ Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
¹⁵ Epidemiology Unit, Italian Society for Rheumatology, Milan, Italy.
¹⁶ Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.
¹⁷ Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
¹⁸ Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
¹⁹ Department of Immunology and Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
²⁰ Department of Rheumatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
²¹ Outpatient Rheumatology Clinic, Nutritional and Lifestyle Medicine Centre, ORLIK, Warsaw, Poland.
²² Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK.
²³ Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
²⁴ Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
²⁵ Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
²⁶ Rheumatology Division, Cruces University Hospital, Baracaldo, Spain.
²⁷ Department of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, Biscay, Spain.
²⁸ Investigation Group for Arthritis, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Baracaldo, Spain.
²⁹ Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain.
³⁰ Department of Rhumatologie, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
³¹ Department of Rhumatologie, INSERM UMR-1132 and Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
³² Department of Internal Medicine III, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitatsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
³³ Insititute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
³⁴ Department of Rheumatology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
³⁵ School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
³⁶ Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France.
³⁷ Rheumatology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
³⁸ Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
³⁹ School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴⁰ Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁴¹ President and CEO, Aristea Therapeutics, San Diego, California, USA.
⁴² Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
⁴³ Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General de Mexico and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
⁴⁴ Department of Medicine at School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
⁴⁵ Medicine Service, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
⁴⁶ Division of Epidemiology at School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
⁴⁷ Department of Medicine/Rheumatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
⁴⁸ Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
⁴⁹ Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
⁵⁰ Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
⁵¹ Chief Scientific Officer, Corrona, LLC, Southborough, Massachusetts, USA.
⁵² Department of Medicine, Otago University, Christchurch, New Zealand.
⁵³ Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
⁵⁴ Division of Musculoskeletal and Rheumatic Diseases, Instituto Nacional Rehabilitación, México City, México.
⁵⁵ Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
⁵⁶ Department of Cardiology, Toranomon Hospital, Minato-ku, Japan.
⁵⁷ Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden.
⁵⁸ Department of Rheumatology, VieCuri Medical Centre, Venlo, The Netherlands.
⁵⁹ Division of Rheumatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
⁶⁰ Department of Rheumatology/Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA.
⁶¹ College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
⁶² Department of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
⁶³ Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
⁶⁴ Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spinal Disorders, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.
⁶⁵ Department of Rheumatology, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, University of Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
⁶⁶ Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, and INSERM UMR-1132 and Université de Paris, Paris, France.
⁶⁷ Division of Rheumatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
⁶⁸ Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand.
⁶⁹ CEO and CMO, AMPEL BioSolutions, LLC, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
⁷⁰ School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
⁷¹ Department of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
⁷² Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital 'St. Ivan Rilski', Sofia, Bulgaria.
⁷³ Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
⁷⁴ Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
⁷⁵ Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
⁷⁶ Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁷⁷ Arthritis Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁷⁸ Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁷⁹ Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical College, Ansan, South Korea.
⁸⁰ Weill Cornell Medical College, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA.
⁸¹ Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, and INSERM UMR-1132 and Université de Paris, Paris, France.
⁸² Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
⁸³ Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
⁸⁴ Department of Rheumatology, Lille Catholic University, Saint-Philibert Hospital, Lomme, France.
⁸⁵ Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁸⁶ Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
⁸⁷ Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
⁸⁸ Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

PMID: 31501138
PMCID: PMC7288724
DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215933

Abstract

Objective: There is a lack of standardisation in the terminology used to describe gout. The aim of this project was to develop a consensus statement describing the recommended nomenclature for disease states of gout.

Methods: A content analysis of gout-related articles from rheumatology and general internal medicine journals published over a 5-year period identified potential disease states and the labels commonly assigned to them. Based on these findings, experts in gout were invited to participate in a Delphi exercise and face-to-face consensus meeting to reach agreement on disease state labels and definitions.

Results: The content analysis identified 13 unique disease states and a total of 63 unique labels. The Delphi exercise (n=76 respondents) and face-to-face meeting (n=35 attendees) established consensus agreement for eight disease state labels and definitions. The agreed labels were as follows: 'asymptomatic hyperuricaemia', 'asymptomatic monosodium urate crystal deposition', 'asymptomatic hyperuricaemia with monosodium urate crystal deposition', 'gout', 'tophaceous gout', 'erosive gout', 'first gout flare' and 'recurrent gout flares'. There was consensus agreement that the label 'gout' should be restricted to current or prior clinically evident disease caused by monosodium urate crystal deposition (gout flare, chronic gouty arthritis or subcutaneous tophus).

Conclusion: Consensus agreement has been established for the labels and definitions of eight gout disease states, including 'gout' itself. The Gout, Hyperuricaemia and Crystal-Associated Disease Network recommends the use of these labels when describing disease states of gout in research and clinical practice.

Keywords: gout; hyperuricemia; language; monosodium urate crystals; nomenclature; terminology; urate.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: AKT has received speaking fees and honoraria for advisory boards from Berlin Chemie Menarini, Novartis, Grünenthal and AstraZeneca. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Medscape, WebMD, the National Institutes of Health and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics. JAS is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organisation that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies. JAS is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. JAS is the editor and the Director of the UAB Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis. JAS previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee and the co-chair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. ND has received speaking fees from Pfizer, Horizon, Janssen, and AbbVie, consulting fees from Horizon, AstraZeneca, Dyve Biosciences, Hengrui, and Kowa, and research funding from Amgen and AstraZeneca.

Figures

**Figure 1.**
Outline of the project to develop the Gout, Hyperuricemia and Crystal-Associated Disease Network (G-CAN) consensus statement regarding the labels and definitions of disease states of gout.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

Improving how we talk about gout.
Onuora S. Onuora S. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019 Nov;15(11):635. doi: 10.1038/s41584-019-0319-2. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019. PMID: 31570830 No abstract available.

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Gout, Hyperuricaemia and Crystal-Associated Disease Network (G-CAN) consensus statement regarding labels and definitions of disease states of gout

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Gout, Hyperuricaemia and Crystal-Associated Disease Network (G-CAN) consensus statement regarding labels and definitions of disease states of gout

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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