Review

. 2019 Sep 9;9(9):465.

doi: 10.3390/biom9090465.

Anacardium Plants: Chemical,Nutritional Composition and Biotechnological Applications

Bahare Salehi¹, Mine Gültekin-Özgüven², Celale Kırkın³, Beraat Özçelik^{2

4}, Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais-Braga⁵, Joara Nalyda Pereira Carneiro⁵, Camila Fonseca Bezerra⁶, Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva⁶, Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho⁷, Benabdallah Amina⁸, Lorene Armstrong⁹, Zeliha Selamoglu¹⁰, Mustafa Sevindik¹¹, Zubaida Yousaf¹², Javad Sharifi-Rad¹³, Ali Mahmoud Muddathir¹⁴, Hari Prasad Devkota^{15

16}, Miquel Martorell^{17

18}, Arun Kumar Jugran¹⁹, Natália Martins^{20

21}, William C Cho²²

Affiliations

¹ Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran.
² Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
³ Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, School of Applied Sciences, Özyeğin University, Çekmeköy, 34794 Istanbul, Turkey.
⁴ Bioactive Research & Innovation Food Manufac. Indust. Trade Ltd., Katar Street, Teknokent ARI-3, B110, Sarıyer, 34467, Istanbul, Turkey.
⁵ Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Department of Biological Sciences, Cariri Regional University, Crato, Ceará-Brazil.
⁶ Laboratory of Planning and Synthesis of Drugs, Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
⁷ Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Brazil.
⁸ Department of Agronomy, SAPVESA Laboratory, Nature and Life Sciences Faculty, University Chadli BENDJEDID, El-Tarf 36000, Algeria.
⁹ State University of Ponta Grossa, Departament of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
¹⁰ Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Campus, Nigde, Turkey.
¹¹ Department of Food Processing, Bahçe Vocational School, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, 80500 Osmaniye, Turkey.
¹² Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
¹³ Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran. javad.sharifirad@gmail.com.
¹⁴ Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan.
¹⁵ School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
¹⁶ Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
¹⁷ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepcion, Chile. martorellpons@gmail.com.
¹⁸ Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepcion 4070386, Chile. martorellpons@gmail.com.
¹⁹ Govind Ballabh Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Garhwal Regional Centre, Srinagar-246 174, Uttarakhand, India. arunjugran@gbpihed.nic.in.
²⁰ Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. ncmartins@med.up.pt.
²¹ Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. ncmartins@med.up.pt.
²² Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China. williamcscho@gmail.com.

PMID: 31505888
PMCID: PMC6769990
DOI: 10.3390/biom9090465

Review

Anacardium Plants: Chemical,Nutritional Composition and Biotechnological Applications

Bahare Salehi et al. Biomolecules. 2019.

. 2019 Sep 9;9(9):465.

doi: 10.3390/biom9090465.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran.
² Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
³ Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, School of Applied Sciences, Özyeğin University, Çekmeköy, 34794 Istanbul, Turkey.
⁴ Bioactive Research & Innovation Food Manufac. Indust. Trade Ltd., Katar Street, Teknokent ARI-3, B110, Sarıyer, 34467, Istanbul, Turkey.
⁵ Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Cariri, Department of Biological Sciences, Cariri Regional University, Crato, Ceará-Brazil.
⁶ Laboratory of Planning and Synthesis of Drugs, Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
⁷ Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Brazil.
⁸ Department of Agronomy, SAPVESA Laboratory, Nature and Life Sciences Faculty, University Chadli BENDJEDID, El-Tarf 36000, Algeria.
⁹ State University of Ponta Grossa, Departament of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
¹⁰ Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Campus, Nigde, Turkey.
¹¹ Department of Food Processing, Bahçe Vocational School, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, 80500 Osmaniye, Turkey.
¹² Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
¹³ Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran. javad.sharifirad@gmail.com.
¹⁴ Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan.
¹⁵ School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
¹⁶ Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
¹⁷ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepcion, Chile. martorellpons@gmail.com.
¹⁸ Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepcion 4070386, Chile. martorellpons@gmail.com.
¹⁹ Govind Ballabh Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Garhwal Regional Centre, Srinagar-246 174, Uttarakhand, India. arunjugran@gbpihed.nic.in.
²⁰ Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. ncmartins@med.up.pt.
²¹ Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. ncmartins@med.up.pt.
²² Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China. williamcscho@gmail.com.

PMID: 31505888
PMCID: PMC6769990
DOI: 10.3390/biom9090465

Abstract

Anacardium plants are native to the American tropical regions, and Anacardium occidentale L. (cashew tree) is the most recognized species of the genus. These species contain rich secondary metabolites in their leaf and shoot powder, fruits and other parts that have shown diverse applications. This review describes the habitat and cultivation of Anacardium species, phytochemical and nutritional composition, and their industrial food applications. Besides, we also discuss the secondary metabolites present in Anacardium plants which display great antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. These make the use of Anacardium species in the food industry an interesting approach to the development of green foods.

Keywords: Anacardium; antimicrobial; antioxidant; cashew nut; food preservative; industrial applications.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Chemical structures of anacardic acids, cardanols, cardols and 2-methyl cardols.

**Figure 2**
Chemical structures of *Anacardium* compounds with biological activities.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Cited by

Anti-Inflammatory, Antinociceptive, and Antioxidant Properties of Anacardic Acid in Experimental Models.
Gomes Júnior AL, Islam MT, Nicolau LAD, de Souza LKM, Araújo TSL, Lopes de Oliveira GA, de Melo Nogueira K, da Silva Lopes L, Medeiros JR, Mubarak MS, Melo-Cavalcante AAC. Gomes Júnior AL, et al. ACS Omega. 2020 Jul 29;5(31):19506-19515. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01775. eCollection 2020 Aug 11. ACS Omega. 2020. PMID: 32803044 Free PMC article.
Antibacterial Activity of a Fractionated Pistacia lentiscus Oil Against Pharyngeal and Ear Pathogens, Alone or in Combination With Antibiotics.
Di Pierro F, Sagheddu V, Galletti S, Forti M, Elli M, Bertuccioli A, Gaeta S. Di Pierro F, et al. Front Microbiol. 2021 Jun 17;12:686942. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.686942. eCollection 2021. Front Microbiol. 2021. PMID: 34220777 Free PMC article.
East Timor as an important source of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) genetic diversity.
Guterres L, Barnabé J, Barros A, Charrua AB, Duarte MC, Romeiras MM, Monteiro F. Guterres L, et al. PeerJ. 2023 Apr 24;11:e14894. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14894. eCollection 2023. PeerJ. 2023. PMID: 37123007 Free PMC article.
Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Anacardium occidentale L. and Anacardium microcarpum D. Extracts on the Liver of IL-10 Knockout Mice.
Baptista AB, Sarandy MM, Gonçalves RV, Novaes RD, Gonçalves da Costa C, Leite JPV, Peluzio MDCG. Baptista AB, et al. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Dec 7;2020:3054521. doi: 10.1155/2020/3054521. eCollection 2020. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020. PMID: 33376496 Free PMC article.
Unmasking the Antifungal Activity of Anacardium occidentale Leaf Extract against Candida albicans.
Quejada LF, Hernandez AX, Chitiva LC, Bravo-Chaucanés CP, Vargas-Casanova Y, Faria RX, Costa GM, Parra-Giraldo CM. Quejada LF, et al. J Fungi (Basel). 2024 Jun 29;10(7):464. doi: 10.3390/jof10070464. J Fungi (Basel). 2024. PMID: 39057348 Free PMC article.

See all "Cited by" articles

References

1. Tianlu M., Barfod A. Anacardiaceae. In: Wu Z.Y., Raven P.H., Hong D.Y., editors. Flora of China. Volume 11. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press; Beijing, China: St. Louis, MO, USA: 2008. pp. 335–357.
1. Mitra R., Mitchell B., Gray C., Orbell J., Coulepis T., Muralitharan M. Medicinal plants of brazil. Asia Pac. Biotech News. 2007;11:689–706.
1. The Plant List. [(accessed on 27 September 2018)]; Version 1. Available online: http://www.Theplantlist.Org/
1. Trox J., Vadivel V., Vetter W., Stuetz W., Scherbaum V., Gola U., Nohr D., Biesalski H.K. Bioactive compounds in cashew nut (anacardium occidentale l.) kernels: Effect of different shelling methods. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2010;58:5341–5346. doi: 10.1021/jf904580k. - DOI - PubMed
1. Baptista A., Goncalves R.V., Bressan J., Peluzio M. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of crude extracts and fractions of cashew (anacardium occidentale l.), cajui (anacardium microcarpum), and pequi (caryocar brasiliense c.): A systematic review. Oxid. Med. Cell Longev. 2018;2018:3753562. doi: 10.1155/2018/3753562. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

Actions
Actions

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

Substances

Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Anacardium Plants: Chemical,Nutritional Composition and Biotechnological Applications

Affiliations

Anacardium Plants: Chemical,Nutritional Composition and Biotechnological Applications

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources