Recurrence of group B streptococcal meningitis

Abstract

Group B Streptococcus is the most frequent cause of neonatal sepsis. However, recurrences are rare. We report a case of recurrent meningitis due to Streptococcus B in a 2-month-old infant. Streptococcus B identified was hypervirulent clone ST-17 serotype III, which is known for its neurotropism. We found five other cases of recurrent group B streptococcal meningitis in the literature, which we report here. Many reports have identified breastfeeding and persistent colonization as the mode of transmission in recurrent Streptococcus B infections. We also discuss different ways to prevent recurrent group B streptococcal infections. Oral antibiotic therapy against carriage does not seem to be effective and there is no consensus on management of breastfeeding.

Keywords: Group B Streptococcus; Meningitis; Recurrent infection.