Edible Insects as a Protein Source: A Review of Public Perception, Processing Technology, and Research Trends

Abstract

This review summarizes the current trends related to insect as food resources among consumers, industry, and academia. In Western societies, edible insects have a greater potential as animal feed than as human food because of cultural biases associated with harmful insects, although the abundant characteristics of edible insects should benefit human health. Nevertheless, many countries in Asia, Oceania, Africa, and Latin America utilize insects as a major protein source. Using insects can potentially solve problems related to the conventional food-supply chain, including global water, land, and energy deficits. Academic, industry, and government-led efforts have attempted to reduce negative perceptions of insects through developing palatable processing methods, as well as providing descriptions of health benefits and explaining the necessity of reducing reliance on other food sources. Our overview reveals that entomophagy is experiencing a steady increase worldwide, despite its unfamiliarity to the consumers influenced by Western eating habits.

Keywords: animal feed; edible insects; entomophagy; food resources.

Fig. 1.. Patent application trend by edible insect technology year.

Bars indicate the number of patent application each year, and a dotted line indicate the cumulative count of patent application.

Fig. 2.. Technology growth stage of edible insect patent application.