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Review
. 2018 Feb 27:16:05.
doi: 10.18332/tid/84864. eCollection 2018.

Smoking by family members and friends and electronic-cigarette use in adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Jian-Wei Wang  1 , Shuang-Shuang Cao  1 , Ru-Ying Hu  2
Affiliations
Review

Smoking by family members and friends and electronic-cigarette use in adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Jian-Wei Wang et al. Tob Induc Dis. .

Abstract

Introduction: Evidence suggests that smoking by family members and friends is a strong predictor of smoking uptake in adolescents, yet the influence on electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has not been systematically reviewed and quantified.

Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searches of the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases up to December 2016. The summary odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model.

Results: A total of 21 studies were included in this meta-analysis. A positive association was observed between adolescent e-cigarette use and smoking by family members (OR=1.47, 95% CI=1.30-1.66) and friends (OR=2.72, 95% CI=1.87-3.95), even after adjusting for the individual smoking status. Stratified by family members, the association with smoking in siblings (OR=1.87, 95% CI=1.35-2.60) was more prominent than that in parents (OR=1.41, 95% CI=1.191-.68) and other family members (OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.12-1.72).

Conclusions: The present meta-analysis suggests that smoking by family members and friends is significantly associated with increased probability of e-cigarette use in adolescents.

Keywords: adolescents; cigarette smoking; electronic cigarettes; metaanalysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and none was reported.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of the study selection
Figure 2
Figure 2
Influence of family member smoking on e-cigarette use in adolescents
Figure 3
Figure 3
Specific influence of smoking on adolescent e-cigarette use among different family members ( 1-parents, 2-siblings, 3-other family members)
Figure 4
Figure 4
Influence of family member smoking on e-cigarette use in adolescents with or without adjusting for individual smoking status ( 0-No, 1-Yes)
Figure 5
Figure 5
Influence of friend smoking on e-cigarette use in adolescents
Figure 6
Figure 6
Influence of friend smoking on e-cigarette use in adolescents with or without adjusting for individual smoking status ( 0-No 1-Yes)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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