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Clinical Trial
. 2019 Sep 13;14(1):167.
doi: 10.1186/s13014-019-1373-2.

Safety and efficacy of fiducial marker implantation for robotic stereotactic body radiation therapy with fiducial tracking

Nathaniel Scher  1 , Marc Bollet  2   3 , Gauthier Bouilhol  2 , Remi Tannouri  2 , Imane Khemiri  2 , Aurelie Vouillaume  2 , Noura Sellami  2 , Rie Von Eyben  4 , Jean-Michel Vannetzel  2 , Ilan Darmon  2 , Luc Rotenberg  2 , Hanah Lamallem  2   3 , Olivier Bauduceau  2   3 , Denis Foster  2 , Alain Toledano  2   3
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

Safety and efficacy of fiducial marker implantation for robotic stereotactic body radiation therapy with fiducial tracking

Nathaniel Scher et al. Radiat Oncol. .

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility, efficacy and toxicity of fiducial marker implantation and tracking in CyberKnife® stereotactic radiation therapy (SBRT) applied to extracranial locations.

Materials and method: This is a retrospective, single-centre, observational study to collect the data of all patients treated by stereotactic radiation therapy with fiducial marker tracking at extracranial locations, conducted between June 2014 and November 2017. Information regarding the implantation procedure, the types of toxicity related to marker implantation and the number of markers implanted/tracked during treatment were collected. Complication rates were evaluated using the CTCAE v4 [Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events] scale. The technical success rate was based on the ability to optimally track the tumor throughout all treatment fractions.

Results: Out of 2505 patients treated by stereotactic radiation therapy, 25% received treatment with fiducial marker tracking. The total number of implantation procedures was 616 and 1543 fiducial markers were implanted. The implantation-related complication rate was 3%, with 16 Grade 1 events and 4 Grade 2 events. The number of treated patients and the number of implanted markers has gradually increased since the technique was first implemented. The median treatment time was 27 min (range 10-76). 1295 fiducials were effectively tracked throughout all treatment fractions, corresponding to a technical success rate of 84%. The difference between the number of fiducials implanted and those tracked during treatment decreased significantly as the site's experience increased.

Conclusion: Fiducial marker implantation and tracking is feasible, well-tolerated, and technically effective technique in SBRT for extracranial tumors.

Keywords: Fiducial marker; Image guided radiation therapy; Stereotactic body radiation therapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
analysis of covariance for missing fiducials over time. Radiologist 0: main radiologist. Radiologist 1: the seven other radiologists pooled together. There is a significant decrease in the number of missing fiducials over time, p < 0.0001. The main radiologist had significantly fewer missing fiducials than the other radiologists, p < 0.0001
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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