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. 2019 Oct 8;37(43):6348-6355.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.09.018. Epub 2019 Sep 11.

Oral cholera vaccination coverage after the first global stockpile deployment in Haiti, 2014

Eleanor M Burnett  1 , Jeannot Francois  2 , Nandini Sreenivasan  3 , Kathleen Wannemuehler  4 , Papa Coumba Faye  5 , Rania A Tohme  4 , Patrick Delly  2 , Yves Gaston Deslouches  2 , Melissa D Etheart  6 , Amber Marie Dismer  7 , Roopal Patel  6 , Kashmira Date  4
Affiliations

Oral cholera vaccination coverage after the first global stockpile deployment in Haiti, 2014

Eleanor M Burnett et al. Vaccine. .

Abstract

Introduction: In 2014, an oral cholera vaccine (OCV) campaign targeting 185,314 persons aged ≥1 years was conducted in 3 departments via fixed post and door-to-door strategies. This was the first use of the global OCV stockpile in Haiti.

Methods: We conducted a multi-stage cluster survey to assess departmental OCV coverage. Target population estimates were projected from the 2003 Haiti population census with adjustments for population growth and estimated proportion of pregnant women. In the three departments, we sampled 30/106 enumeration areas (EAs) in Artibonite, 30/244 EAs in Centre, and 20/29 EAs in Ouest; 20 households were systematically sampled in each EA. Household and individual interviews using a standard questionnaire were conducted in each selected household; data on OCV receipt were obtained from vaccination card or verbal report. We calculated OCV campaign coverage estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) accounting for survey design.

Results: Overall two-dose OCV coverage was 70% (95% CI: 60, 79), 63% (95% CI: 55, 71), and 44% (95% CI: 35, 53) in Artibonite, Centre, and Ouest, respectively. Two-dose coverage was higher in the 1-4 years age group than among those ≥ 15 years in Artibonite (difference: 11%; 95% CI: 5%, 17%) and Ouest (difference: 12%; 95% CI: 3, 20). A higher percentage of children aged 5-14 years received both recommended doses than did those ≥ 15 years (Artibonite: 14% (95% CI: 8%, 19%) difference; Centre: 11% difference (95% CI: 5%, 17%); Ouest: 10% difference (95% CI: 2%, 17%). The most common reason for not receiving any OCV dose was being absent during the campaign or not having heard about vaccination activities.

Conclusions: While coverage estimates in Artibonite and Centre were comparable with other OCV campaigns in Haiti and elsewhere, inadequate social mobilization and outdated population estimates might have contributed to lower coverage in Ouest.

Keywords: Cholera; Cholera vaccine; Diarrhea.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Areas targeted for the oral cholera vaccination campaign. Haiti, 2014.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Two dose coverage, with confidence intervals, of oral cholera vaccine by age group and department, oral cholera vaccination campaign, Haiti, 2014.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Percent of individual respondents reporting vaccination with 2 doses of oral cholera vaccine in each enumeration area, by age group and department. Haiti, 2014.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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