Prediction and management of CAD risk based on genetic stratification

Abstract

Discovery of genetic risk variants for CAD and their assembly on a computerized microarray enables a genetic risk score (GRS) to be expressed as a single number. Utilizing this array, genetic risk stratification has been performed in over 1 million cases and controls. The genetic score based on one's DNA can be determined anytime from birth on and is independent of age and conventional risk factors. Utilizing the GRS, one can select those at highest risk and would benefit most from primary prevention. Clinical trials have shown that modifying lifestyle or using statin therapy reduces the risk for CAD by approximately 50%. The use of the GRS for primary prevention will have a transformative effect on preventing the spread of CAD.

Keywords: CAD; Cardiovascular disease; Coronary artery disease; GRS; Genetic risk stratification; Genetic risk variants; Genetics; Genomics; Prevention; Primary prevention.