To increase physical activity in sedentary patients with affective - or schizophrenia spectrum disorders - a clinical study of adjuvant physical therapy in mental health

Abstract

Purpose: To understand if physical therapy in addition to individualized psychiatric specialist treatment could aid sedentary patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders or affective spectrum disorders to become more physically active and also to identify assessments suitable for measuring physical activity, physical function and movement motivation.Materials and methods: In a longitudinal, clinical study 18 sedentary patients that filled inclusion criteria were consecutively included. The patients were diagnosed with affective disorders (n = 10) or schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n = 8).Results: Fifteen patients fulfilled the 6-month treatment. The affective group significantly improved physical activity, walking capacity, physical function, exercise habits and attitudes. The schizophrenia spectrum group significantly improved the attitudes to the body and movements but did not increase their physical activity. Instruments to study physical activity, physical function and movement motivation were identified.Conclusion: The study revealed that physical therapy in addition to individualized psychiatric specialist treatment might be an aid for the patients to become more physically active. Patients with affective disorders reached recommended levels of moderate physical activity according to World Health Organization guidelines. Sedentary patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders revealed positive attitude-changes, but no behavioral change.

Keywords: Exercise; assessments; basic body awareness therapy; movement motivation.