Prognostic role of pre-treatment serum albumin in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Abstract

Background: Pre-treatment serum albumin (ALB) is a novel index that was identified in recent years and is considered to be closely related to the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the association between ALB and NPC remains controversial.

Objective of review: To assess the prognostic significance of pre-treatment serum ALB in patients with NPC.

Type of review: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Search strategy: We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library and the Web of Science for studies published up to August 2018. The keywords used were related to albumin, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and prognosis.

Evaluation method: We extracted the following data from all included studies: author, publication year, country, cancer centre, time points of randomisation, sample size, mean or median age, gender, TNM stage of NPC, cut-off value of pre-treatment serum albumin, number of high-grade cases and duration of follow-up. Then, we generated the pooled hazard ratios (HR) for overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) to perform this meta-analysis.

Results: Ten studies comprising 7339 cases were included. Lower pre-treatment serum ALB levels were significantly associated with worse OS (HR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.17-1.48) and DMFS (HR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.08-1.80). In general, our findings were further verified in the subgroup analyses based on three features, including cancer stage, cut-off value and analysis type.

Conclusion: A decreased level of pre-treatment serum albumin implies a poor prognosis and can be detected to define the risk stratification of NPC patients.

Keywords: Albumin; hypoalbuminemia; meta-analysis; nasopharyngeal carcinoma; prognosis.