[Poisoning by exotic pets]

Abstract

Exotic poisonous animals such as snakes, marine animals, spiders, and scorpions are a rarity in Central Europe, but are kept as pets by some people. Poisoning caused by these animals is a particular challenge in medical care.Over a period of six years (2001-2006), a total of 202 cases of poisoning with exotic animals were registered and evaluated at four poison information centers in Germany and France. Of the accidents, 91% happened in the home environment; the rest in pet stores. The poisonings were caused by snakes (38%), marine animals (31%), arthropods (spiders and scorpions, 27%), and other poisonous animals (4%). Severe poisoning was involved in 8% of the cases, all caused by snake bites. The severe poisonings were in the form of coagulopathies, severe local symptoms, and a respiratory insufficiency requiring intubation. In six cases of severe poisoning, an immune serum (antivenom) was administered and in three cases a surgical procedure was needed. Deaths did not occur.After the bite of a poisonous animal, the affected limb should usually be immobilized and disinfected, but not tied, cut, or sucked. The exact biological name of the species should be identified. In addition to hospitalization, it is recommended to consult a poison information center.

Keywords: Antivenom; Exotic poisonous animals; Scorpions; Venomous snakes; Venomous spiders.