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. 2019 Oct 7;14(10):e0222850.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222850. eCollection 2019.

Macular thickness measurements of healthy, naïve cynomolgus monkeys assessed with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)

Nora Denk  1 , Peter Maloca  2   3   4 , Guido Steiner  1 , Christian Freichel  1 , Simon Bassett  1 , Tobias K Schnitzer  1 , Pascal W Hasler  2
Affiliations

Macular thickness measurements of healthy, naïve cynomolgus monkeys assessed with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)

Nora Denk et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to measure central macular thickness in an unprecedented number of cynomolgus monkeys. Macular thickness was measured with Heidelberg spectral-domain OCT in 320 eyes of healthy and treatment-naïve cynomolgus monkeys (80 males and 80 females). The macula was successfully measured in all 320 eyes. Macular thickness was not significantly different between the sexes. The mean central macular thickness was 244 μm (+/- 21 μm). Macular thicknesses in the quadrants were 327 +/-17 μm (temporal inner), 339 +/- 17 μm (inferior inner), 341 +/- 14 μm (superior inner), 341 +/-18 μm (nasal inner), and 299 +/- 20 μm (temporal outer), 320 +/- 16 μm (superior outer), 332 +/-23 μm (inferior outer), and 337 +/-18 μm (nasal outer). Highly significant differences between the nasal and temporal quadrants were detected. This study successfully demonstrated the feasibility of retinal thickness measurements in healthy cynomolgus monkeys. The present findings indicate that the macula is thicker in cynomolgus monkeys than in humans and provide important normative data for future studies.

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Conflict of interest statement

This work was supported by Hoffmann–La Roche Ltd. The funder provided support in the form of salaries for authors ND, GS, CF, SB, TS (employees) as well as PM and PWH (consultants). This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Example of macular thickness measurements obtained using an SD-OCT.
(A) Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) image of the fundus. The green lines indicate the individual OCT scan lines. (B) OCT scan representing the bright green error on the SLO image. Red lines illustrate the segmentation lines. (C) Depiction of the standard Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) map. Map centers on the thinnest point of the fovea (O–Outer, I–Inner, S–superior, I–inferior. N–nasal, T–temporal, F–foveal).
Fig 2
Fig 2. Boxplot representation of the complete retinal thickness data set from 160 cynomolgus monkeys, overlaid with individual measurements.
Data is split by lateral side as well as animal sex (red fill: females, blue fill: males).
Fig 3
Fig 3. Distribution of retinal thickness values (kernel density estimates) from the entire data set.
Panels on the left allow direct comparison between male and female monkeys, while panels on the right side compare the two lateral sides. OS = lat.: oculus sinister = left eye; OD = lat.: oculus dexter = right eye.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Graphical illustration comparing thickness values in males and females.
Thickness differences (male–female) projected on the ETDRS circle. Red shading (positive delta) indicates higher thickness for males than for females. For this illustration, thickness differences were averaged between the left and right eyes before mapping to the ambilateral grid; hence, the plot is perfectly symmetrical.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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