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. 2019 Oct 17;24(20):3750.
doi: 10.3390/molecules24203750.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Some Characteristic Constituents from the Vine Stems of Spatholobus suberectus

Xiao-Yan Liu  1 , You-Bo Zhang  2 , Xiu-Wei Yang  3 , Yan-Fang Yang  4 , Wei Xu  5 , Wei Zhao  6 , Kai-Feng Peng  7 , Yun Gong  8 , Ni-Fu Liu  9 , Peng Zhang  10
Affiliations

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Some Characteristic Constituents from the Vine Stems of Spatholobus suberectus

Xiao-Yan Liu et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

The dried vine stems of Spatholobus suberectus are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating gynecological and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, five new compounds named spasuberol A (2), homovanillyl-4-oxo-nonanoate (5), spasuberol C (6), spasuberoside A (14), and spasuberoside B (15), together with ten known compounds (1, 3, 4, 7-13), were isolated from the dried vine stems of S. suberectus. Their chemical structures were analyzed using spectroscopic assays. This is the first study interpreting the detailed structural information of 4. The anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was evaluated by reducing nitric oxide overproduction in RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. Compounds 1 and 8-10 showed strong inhibitory activity with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 5.69, 16.34, 16.87, and 6.78 μM, respectively, exhibiting higher activity than the positive drug l-N6-(1-iminoethyl)-lysine (l-NIL) with an IC50 value of 19.08 μM. The IC50 values of inhibitory activity of compounds 2 and 4-6 were 46.26, 40.05, 45.87, and 28.29 μM respectively, which were lower than l-NIL, but better than that of positive drug indomethacin with an IC50 value of 55.44 μM. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that assayed compounds with good anti-inflammatory activity, such as 1, 6, 9, and 10 at different concentrations, can reduce the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of some pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The anti-inflammatory activity and the possible mechanism of the compounds mentioned in this paper were studied preliminarily.

Keywords: RAW264.7 macrophage cells; Spatholobus suberectus; anti-inflammatory activity; inhibition of nitric oxide production; isoflavones.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The structures of compounds 1–15 isolated from the vine stems of Spatholobus suberectus.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The ECD spectrum of compounds 2, 4, 14, and 15 (A–D).
Figure 3
Figure 3
The 1H–1H COSY (—) and key HMBC (→ from H to C) correlations of compounds 2, 4–6, 14, and 15.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effect of compounds 1, 3, 4, and 6–8 (A–F) on the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Data are presented as means ± standard error of the mean (SEM), n = 3; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, treatment vs. LPS model; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001, high concentration vs. low concentration.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Effect of compounds 9–13 (G–K) on the mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS. Data are presented as means ± SEM, n = 3; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, treatment vs. LPS model; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001, high concentration vs. low concentration.
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