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Review
. 2019 Oct 18;26(1):75.
doi: 10.1186/s12929-019-0573-2.

The History of Enterovirus A71 Outbreaks and Molecular Epidemiology in the Asia-Pacific Region

Jiratchaya Puenpa  1 , Nasamon Wanlapakorn  1   2 , Sompong Vongpunsawad  1 , Yong Poovorawan  3
Affiliations
Review

The History of Enterovirus A71 Outbreaks and Molecular Epidemiology in the Asia-Pacific Region

Jiratchaya Puenpa et al. J Biomed Sci. .

Abstract

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is one of the common causative pathogens for hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) affecting young children. HFMD outbreak can result in a substantial pediatric hospitalization and burden the healthcare services, especially in less-developed countries. Since the initial epidemic of predominantly EV-A71 in California in 1969, the high prevalence of HFMD in the Asia-pacific region and elsewhere around the world represents a significant morbidity in this age group. With the advent of rapid and accurate diagnostic tools, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of laboratory-confirmed EV-A71 infection over the past two decades. The population, cultural, and socioeconomic diversity among countries in the Asia-Pacific region all influence the transmission and morbidity associated with HFMD. This review summarizes the current state of epidemiology of EV-A71 in Asia-Pacific countries based on the most recent epidemiological data and available information on the prevalence and disease burden. This knowledge is important in guiding the prevention, control and future research on vaccine development of this highly contagious disease of significant socioeconomic implications in public health.

Keywords: Asia-Pacific region; Enterovirus A71; Molecular epidemiology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Timeline of major EV-A71 outbreaks in Asia-Pacific countries
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Monthly number of suspected HFMD cases and distribution of predominant enterovirus genotypes in Thailand, during 2008–2018 [–96].
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Distribution of EV-A71 subgenogroups during (a) 1997–2007 and (b) 2008–2018
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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