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Review
. 2015 Dec 1:6:26-43.
doi: 10.15172/pneu.2015.6/520. eCollection 2015.

A review of the role of Haemophilus influenzae in community-acquired pneumonia

Mary P E Slack  1   2
Affiliations
Review

A review of the role of Haemophilus influenzae in community-acquired pneumonia

Mary P E Slack. Pneumonia (Nathan). .

Abstract

In an era when Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine is widely used, the incidence of Hib as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has dramatcally declined. Non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi) strains and, occasionally, other encapsulated serotypes of H. influenzae are now the cause of the majority of invasive H. influenzae infectons, including bacteraemic CAP. NTHi have long been recognised as an important cause of lower respiratory tract infecton, including pneumonia, in adults, especially those with underlying diseases. The role of NTHi as a cause of non-bacteraemic CAP in children is less clear. In this review the evidence for the role of NTHi and capsulated strains of H. influenzae will be examined.

Keywords: H. influenzae; NTHi; aetology; infecton; pneumonia.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cases of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease in England and Wales, 2009–2012, by age and clinical presentation (Based on data from the Public Health England surveillance of invasive H. influenzae infections. Available from https://doi.org/www.gov.uk/government/collections/Haemophilus-influenzae-guidance-data-and-analysis) acholecystitis, discitis, endocarditis, and genitourinary infections
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cases of bacteraemic pneumonia in England and Wales, 2009–2012, by age group and serotype (Based on data from the Public Health England surveillance of Invasive Haemophilus influenzae infections. Available from https://doi.org/www.gov.uk/government/collections/Haemophilus-influenzae-guidance-data-and-analysis)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cases of Haemophilus influenzae type e (Hie) and H. influenzae type f (Hif) bacteraemia in England and Wales, 2009–2012, by age group and clinical presentation (Based on data from the Public Health England surveillance of invasive H. influenzae infections. Available from https://doi.org/www.gov.uk/government/collections/Haemophilus-influenzae-guidance-data-and-analysis) aincludes cases of invasive H. influenzae disease which presented with focal infections not listed above including cellulitis, cholecystitis, discitis, endocarditis, osteoarthritis, septic arthritis and genitourinary infections
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