State of the Art in Lesser Metatarsophalangeal Instability

Abstract

Advancements in lesser metatarsophalangeal (MTP) instability have involved the use of minimally invasive surgery techniques, synthetic augmentation of existing transfers, and use of arthroscopy for both diagnosing and addressing MTP disorder. Advances in imaging modalities, particularly MRI, have aided in diagnosing subtle instability. Clinical outcomes seem to be similar to traditional approaches as the indications and applicability continue to evolve.

Keywords: Lesser toe arthroscopy; Lesser toe tendon transfer; Metatarsal osteotomy; Metatarsophalangeal joint instability; Plantar plate tear.