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. 2019 Oct 28;24(11):3997-4008.
doi: 10.1590/1413-812320182411.04352018. eCollection 2019.

[Promotion of children's rights and prevention of child abuse]

[Article in Portuguese]
Affiliations
Free article

[Promotion of children's rights and prevention of child abuse]

[Article in Portuguese]
Cleiciara Lúcia Silva Ferreira et al. Cien Saude Colet. .
Free article

Abstract

Child abuse is a complex, multi-faceted and controversial topic. A retrospective cohort study aimed to characterize the profile of children victims of domestic violence and their aggressors and to evaluate the efficiency of judicial interventions. Ninety-eight cases lodged with the Infancy and Childhood Court involving 179 children and 121 perpetrators were analyzed. Negligence/abandonment (62%) and physical violence (30%) were the most frequent violations. Mothers were identified as the most frequent aggressor; monthly income of up to one minimum wage and history of alcohol use have been associated with violence. Seventy-one percent of victims were enrolled in educational institutions. In 25% of the cases the severity of the abuse required the removal of the child from the family. A third of the children were enrolled in official programs designed to provide the family with support, orientation and follow-up. This protective judicial intervention was successful in reducing abuse in 93% of the cases within 2 years. Prevention of child abuse requires the involvement of professionals of multiple fields at an early stage. The promotion and safeguarding of children's rights must come primarily from the implementation of public policy not judicial intervention.

A violência praticada contra crianças é tema complexo e polissêmico. Estudo de coorte retrospectiva buscou caracterizar o perfil das crianças vítimas de violência doméstica e de seus agressores e avaliar a eficácia das intervenções judiciais. Analisou-se 98 processos da Vara da Infância e Juventude, envolvendo 179 crianças e 121 agressores. Negligência/abandono e violência física foram as violações mais frequentes. Revelou-se a mãe como principal agressora; renda mensal de até um salário mínimo e história de uso de álcool mostraram-se associados à violência. Encontrou-se 71% das vítimas matriculadas em instituições de ensino. Em 25% a gravidade da situação determinou o afastamento da família. Um terço das crianças foram incluídas em programas de apoio, orientação e acompanhamento à família. A intervenção judicial garantiu 93% de interrupção da violência em até dois anos, tempo ainda longo, pelo risco da criança ser revitimizada. Ações efetivas pressupõem o envolvimento da família, da sociedade, das instituições escolares e de saúde. A garantia de direitos tem na execução das políticas públicas, e não na judicialização, o lócus privilegiado de efetivação.

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