A minimally invasive approach for giant middle cerebral artery thrombosed aneurysms treatment

Abstract

Background: Management of complex thrombosed aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is challenging. Lesions not amenable to endovascular techniques or direct clipping might require a bypass procedure with subsequent aneurysm occlusion. Various bypass techniques followed by surgical or endovascular closure of the aneurysm are available, but an unpredictable extension of the thrombus to the parent vessel and/or to perforator vessels can occur. We presented a multidisciplinary technique with the aim to reduce invasiveness and complications.

Methods: We present two patients, harboring a thrombosed giant MCA bifurcation aneurysm, who were treated with a minimally invasive three-steps multimodality procedure. In both cases, through a limited exposure of the sylvian fissure, a side-to-side anastomosis between the two M2 branches was performed, followed in the immediate postop by an endovascular occlusion of the frontal M2 branch, with the aim of transforming a bifurcation aneurysm in a sidewall aneurysm, that was then treated a few days later by flow diverter deployment.

Results: Both patients had excellent outcomes and were discharged after 7 days without neurological deficits.

Conclusions: Treatment of complex thrombosed MCA aneurysms is challenging. Side-to-side M2 anastomosis with the aim of transforming a bifurcation aneurysm in a sidewall aneurysm, suitable to be treated few days later by flow diverter deployment, offers a minimally invasive multimodal approach with the possibility of reducing serious complications.