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. 2019 Nov 1;8(11):1815.
doi: 10.3390/jcm8111815.

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Interdependence in Multiple Sclerosis

Rodica Padureanu  1 , Carmen Valeria Albu  2 , Radu Razvan Mititelu  3 , Manuela Violeta Bacanoiu  4   5 , Anca Oana Docea  6 , Daniela Calina  7 , Vlad Padureanu  8 , Gabriela Olaru  9 , Raluca Elena Sandu  10   11 , Ramona Denise Malin  12 , Ana-Maria Buga  13
Affiliations

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Interdependence in Multiple Sclerosis

Rodica Padureanu et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

The study aims to explore the oxidative status related to inflammation in peripheral blood of stable relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with low disability. In this study, 31 people were included and divided into two groups: an MS group in which 16 relapsing-remitting MS patients with a low disability level (age 38.9 ± 7.08, EDSS median 2.5) were included and a control group that contains 15 healthy volunteers of similar age to the MS group. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyl level (PCO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as oxidative stress markers, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were analyzed in the peripheral blood sample of the healthy and the MS patients to establish the oxidative stress/inflammatory level using conventional plasma markers. In this study, we showed that the pro-inflammatory status of the relapse-remitting stage of diseases can be easily and accurately appreciated by NLR. An increased NLR is associated with a decreased antioxidant capacity, even in the early stage of neuronal damage. Oxidative stress associated with inflammation aggravates the functional outcome, potentiates neuronal damage, and can accelerate the progression of the disease.

Keywords: multiple sclerosis; neurodegeneration; oxidative stress.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
NLR in MS groups and control group: (a) scatter plot of NLR in control group and MS group 1 (p = 0.0025 **); (b) scatter plot of NLR in MS group 1 and MS group 2 (p = 0.0010 **).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Plasmatic oxidative stress markers in RRMS groupvs control group: (a) scatter plot of TBARS levels; (b) scatter plot of PCARB (protein carbonyl) level in control group and RRMS group.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Bar plot (mean with SEM) of plasmatic TAC level in Control group and RRMS group (p = 0.04 *).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Correlation between inflammation marker NLR, oxidative stress status in plasma and disability stage (EDSS): (a) NLR correlation with EDSS (p = 0.05); (b) correlation between NLR and ESR (p = 0.79); (c) TAC and NLR correlation (p = 0.02 **); (d) TBARS and NLR correlation (p = 0.27); (e) PCARB with NLR correlation (p = 0.39); (f) EDSS and TAC correlation in MS group 2 (p = 0.0073 **).
Figure 5
Figure 5
ROC analysis of inflammation marker NLR and oxidative stress marker in plasma: (a) TAC assay characteristics in MS (AUC = 0.71); (b) NLR characteristics (AUC = 0.82); (c) TBARS specificity (AUC = 0.94); (d) PCARB assay performance (AUC = 0.86).
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