Advances Of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy In Ovarian Cancer

Abstract

Ovarian cancer, as a common gynecological tumor, is currently recognized as the most lethal gynecological malignancy. In addition to conventional treatment methods such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, adoptive immunotherapy represented by modified immune cells also shows good curative effects and is becoming an important method in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Studies have shown that most cancer cells can avoid the recognition of the immune system, thus limiting the anticancer effect of immunotherapy. Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell technology has emerged and has good targeting, killing, proliferation and persistence. A large number of clinical trials also have shown that this technology has achieved great success in improving the quality of life and prolonging the survival time of patients with malignant hematological tumors. CAR-T cell technology has become a research hotspot for immunotherapy. This article mainly reviews various CAR-T cell treatments and their specific mechanisms in the field of ovarian cancer treatment to provide new ideas for the treatment of ovarian cancer.

Keywords: T cell; chimeric antigen receptor; immunotherapy; ovarian cancer; tumor antigens.

Figure 1

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) design. Antigen recognition domain derived from single chain variable fragment; Hinge domain; Transmembrane domain (TM) providing anchorage to plasma membrane; signaling domains responsible of T-cell activation. First generation of CARs contain a CD3ζ-derived signaling module. Second generation of CARs contain also a costimulatory domain (CD28/4-1BB). Third generation of CARs contain two costimulatory domains (CD28/4-1BB and CD27/OX40).