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Review
. 2020 Jan;27(1):27-33.
doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000552.

Transcription factor and cytokine regulation of eosinophil lineage commitment

Ethan A Mack  1 , Warren S Pear
Affiliations
Review

Transcription factor and cytokine regulation of eosinophil lineage commitment

Ethan A Mack et al. Curr Opin Hematol. 2020 Jan.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Lineage commitment is governed by instructive and stochastic signals, which drive both active induction of the lineage program and repression of alternative fates. Eosinophil lineage commitment is driven by the ordered interaction of transcription factors, supported by cytokine signals. This review summarizes key findings in the study of eosinophil lineage commitment and examines new data investigating the factors that regulate this process.

Recent findings: Recent and past studies highlight how intrinsic and extrinsic signals modulate transcription factor network and lineage decisions. Early action of the transcription factors C/EBPα and GATA binding protein-1 along with C/EBPε supports lineage commitment and eosinophil differentiation. This process is regulated and enforced by the pseudokinase Trib1, a regulator of C/EBPα levels. The cytokines interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-33 also support early eosinophil development. However, current studies suggest that these cytokines are not specifically required for lineage commitment.

Summary: Together, recent evidence suggests a model where early transcription factor activity drives expression of key eosinophil genes and cytokine receptors to prime lineage commitment. Understanding the factors and signals that control eosinophil lineage commitment may guide therapeutic development for eosinophil-mediated diseases and provide examples for fate choices in other lineages.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Model for eosinophil lineage commitment. Early transcription factor activity drives lineage commitment, granulogenesis and maturation as well as priming cells to be responsive to cytokine signals.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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