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. 2019 Nov 6;19(1):475.
doi: 10.1186/s12870-019-2076-4.

Insight into transketolase of Pyropia haitanensis under desiccation stress based on integrative analysis of omics and transformation

Jianzhi Shi  1   2 , Wenlei Wang  1   2 , Yinghui Lin  1   2 , Kai Xu  1   2 , Yan Xu  1   2 , Dehua Ji  1   2 , Changsheng Chen  1   2 , Chaotian Xie  3   4
Affiliations

Insight into transketolase of Pyropia haitanensis under desiccation stress based on integrative analysis of omics and transformation

Jianzhi Shi et al. BMC Plant Biol. .

Abstract

Background: Pyropia haitanensis, distributes in the intertidal zone, can tolerate water losses exceeding 90%. However, the mechanisms enabling P. haitanensis to survive harsh conditions remain uncharacterized. To elucidate the mechanism underlying P. haitanensis desiccation tolerance, we completed an integrated analysis of its transcriptome and proteome as well as transgenic Chlamydomonas reinhardtii carrying a P. haitanensis gene.

Results: P. haitanensis rapidly adjusted its physiological activities to compensate for water losses up to 60%, after which, photosynthesis, antioxidant systems, chaperones, and cytoskeleton were activated to response to severe desiccation stress. The integrative analysis suggested that transketolase (TKL) was affected by all desiccation treatments. Transgenic C. reinhardtii cells overexpressed PhTKL grew better than the wild-type cells in response to osmotic stress.

Conclusion: P. haitanensis quickly establishes acclimatory homeostasis regarding its transcriptome and proteome to ensure its thalli can recover after being rehydrated. Additionally, PhTKL is vital for P. haitanensis desiccation tolerance. The present data may provide new insights for the breeding of algae and plants exhibiting enhanced desiccation tolerance.

Keywords: Desiccation tolerance; Integrative omics analysis; Pyropia haitanensis; Transgenic experiment; Transketolase.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Wild Pyropia haitanensis exposed to severe desiccation stress conditions at low tide (a). Fishermen regularly use buoys to lift P. haitanensis nets above the sea water level to ensure thalli lose water to eliminate wild algae and pathogenic bacteria (b)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Principal component analysis of Pyropia haitanensis transcriptome (a) and proteome (b) data under desiccation stress. Circles with the same color represent the biological replicates for each treatment. 0%: control; 30%: 30% water loss rate; 60%: 60% water loss rate; 90%: 90% water loss rate; R: rehydration for 2 h
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (a) and a Venn diagram of the DEGs (b). Number of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (c) and a Venn diagram of the DEPs (d). 0%: control; 30%: 30% water loss rate; 60%: 60% water loss rate; 90%: 90% water loss rate; R: rehydration for 2 h
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Functional classification of 216 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in Pyropia haitanensis
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Hierarchical clustering of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in Pyropia haitanensis with similar functions under desiccation conditions and after rehydration. The protein categories were as follows: protein synthesis and degradation, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, responses to stimuli, cell wall and cytoskeleton, and photosynthesis. 0: control; 30: 30% water loss rate; 60: 60% water loss rate; 90: 90% water loss rate; R: rehydration for 2 h
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Verification of differentially expressed proteins in Pyropia haitanensis under desiccation conditions based on multiple reaction monitoring. 0%: control; 30%: 30% water loss rate; 60%: 60% water loss rate; 90%: 90% water loss rate; R: rehydration for 2 h. The relative changes are shown as log2 fold change
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Phylogenetic relationships of transketolase from Pyropia haitanensis and representative Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and land plant species. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the maximum-likelihood method. Bootstrap values after maximum-likelihood analysis and posterior probabilities after the Bayesian analysis are indicated in the nodes and branches, respectively
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Effects of PhTKL on transgenic Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (A) Relative PhTKL expression level under osmotic stress conditions; *significant difference (p < 0.05), **highly significant difference (p < 0.01). (B) Growth of transgenic C. reinhardtii (T5) and wild type (WT) cells under osmotic stress conditions
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Integrated analysis of transketolases and metabolic pathways in Pyropia haitanensis under desiccation conditions
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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