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. 2019 Oct 22:10:1339.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01339. eCollection 2019.

Effective Phenotyping Applications Require Matching Trait and Platform and More Attention to Theory

Victor O Sadras  1   2
Affiliations

Effective Phenotyping Applications Require Matching Trait and Platform and More Attention to Theory

Victor O Sadras. Front Plant Sci. .
No abstract available

Keywords: Scaling; context-dependence; density-dependence; phenotype; yield.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Bt scales, but yield and plant allometry do not because they are density dependent. (A) Bt scales from molecular to ecosystem level. (a) Bacillus turingensis (Bt) Cry proteins have deleterious effects on Lepidoptera larvae at the (b) cell, (c) individual, and (d) population levels. Bt proteins expressed in transformed plant tissues confer protection at the (e) organ and (f) population level. This protection allows for (g) less reliance on synthetic insecticides for pest control, with consequences at the ecosystem level. Sources: (a) Ca traces of individual domains of CryIA(a) (red) and CryIIIA (black) proteins (Grochulski et al., 1995); (b) inhibitory effect of CryIA(a) on leucine uptake by membrane vesicles prepared from Bombyx mori larvae midgut; (c) weight and (d) survival of 7-day-old, 3rd instar larvae of Elsmopalpus lignosellus after a week of feeding treatments with peanut leaf containing variable concentration of CryIA(c) protein (Singsit et al., 1997); (f) comparison of cotton leaves expressing CryIA(c) proteins and non-transformed controls exposed to Helicoverpa spp larva (Lewis Wilson, unpublished); differences between Bt and conventional cotton in (g) lint yield. (B) Yield does not scale from plant to population. Yield of wheat stands (200–400 plants m-2) does not correlate with yield of isolated plants (<20 plants m-2) grown under the same conditions in the field. Source: Pedró et al. (2012). (C) Nitrogen-biomass allometry does not scale from plant to population. Owing to plant-plant interactions, dilution curves relating shoot nitrogen concentration and shoot dry matter show a sharp dilution for plants in stands, and a highly buffered dilution in isolated plants. Source: Lemaire and Millard (1999).
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