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. 2020 Mar;31(3):203-214.
doi: 10.1111/clr.13556. Epub 2019 Nov 21.

Development of a peri-implantitis model in the rat

Jingqing Sun  1   2 , Joerg Eberhard  2   3 , Silke Glage  4 , Nadine Held  4 , Henning Voigt  5 , Kerstin Schwabe  6 , Andreas Winkel  2 , Meike Stiesch  2
Affiliations

Development of a peri-implantitis model in the rat

Jingqing Sun et al. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2020 Mar.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to establish a rodent peri-implantitis model induced by a mixed bacterial infection characterized by bone loss and semi-quantitative graduation of peri-implant inflammation in histological sections.

Materials and methods: Two titanium implants were implanted in Sprague-Dawley rats, bilaterally in each maxilla. After 3 weeks healing, the rats were randomized into three groups according to different treatments over the next 3 months: Antibiotic-Group with oral lavage of antibiotics; Bacteria-Group with oral lavage of Streptococcus oralis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; and Untreated Group with standard housing and no additional treatment. Maxillae were dissected to perform microscopic and histological analysis of bone height and peri-implant tissues.

Results: The bone level, measured at one implant site per animal, in the Bacteria-Group (2.60 ± 0.39 mm) was significantly reduced compared to the Antibiotic-Group (2.29 ± 0.32 mm) after 3 months. The differences of bone height in the Bacteria-Group and the Untreated Group (2.46 ± 0.27 mm) did not reach statistical significance. The inflammatory response with respect to the number of inflammatory cells and fibrous tissue compartments of the peri-implant tissues in the Bacteria-Group was significantly increased compared with the Antibiotic-Group (p < .05). S. oralis and A. actinomycetemcomitans DNAs were detected in the Bacteria-Group.

Conclusions: This rat model of peri-implantitis used oral bacterial lavage for the induction of an inflammatory host response and bone loss. Additional bacterial treatment enhances the peri-implant phenotype, so that significant differences to a reduced bacterial load similar to the human peri-implantitis disease can be identified.

Keywords: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Streptococcus oralis; dental implants; peri-implantitis; rat model; rats.

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References

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