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Review
. 2019 Oct;39(5):289-297.
doi: 10.14639/0392-100X-N0262.

Assessment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in children: an update

S Savini  1 , A Ciorba  1 , C Bianchini  1 , F Stomeo  1 , V Corazzi  1 , C Vicini  2 , S Pelucchi  1
Affiliations
Review

Assessment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in children: an update

S Savini et al. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2019 Oct.

Abstract

Valutazione critica del bambino con apnea ostruttiva notturna.

Riassunto: Questo lavoro vuole proporre un’attenta ed aggiornata revisione della letteratura in merito alla valutazione critica delle apnee ostruttive notturne (OSA) nel bambino, in particolare valutando i fattori di rischio implicati, le manifestazioni cliniche e l’iter diagnostico clinico-strumentale. Le apnee ostruttive notturne nel bambino si caratterizzano per la presenza di episodi di completa o parziale ostruzione delle vie aeree superiori associate a modificazioni dell’emogas-analisi e ad un riposo notturno anomalo. La corretta e precoce diagnosi di questa condizione, sebbene ancora oggi spesso sia posta in ritardo, può ridurre l’insorgenza di complicanze sistemiche. È stata eseguita una revisione della letteratura, attraverso una ricerca di articoli scientifici presenti nei database PubMed, Embase e Cinahl negli ultimi 10 anni, in base ai criteri / linee guida PRISMA. La valutazione dell’OSA pediatrica è complessa e i pazienti pediatrici dovrebbero essere sempre gestiti con molta attenzione; la polisonnografia è attualmente la tecnica “gold standard” per la diagnosi dell’OSA pediatrica.

Keywords: Children; Management; OSA; Obstructive sleep apnoea; Polysomnography.

Plain language summary

OSA is a condition characterised by episodes of complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway, associated with blood-gas changes and atypical sleep patterns. Early diagnosis of OSA may reduce the occurrence of systemic complications over time, although the diagnosis of OSA is, unfortunately, often late. The aim of the work is to review the current concepts in evaluation of paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), with an updated revision of the literature considering risk factors, clinical manifestations, and basic and advanced assessment in the paediatric population. For this narrative review, PubMed, Embase and Cinahl databases were searched for the last 10 years, according to PRISMA criteria/guidelines. Assessment of paediatric OSA remains challenging and paediatric patients should always be carefully evaluated; polysomnography is the gold standard for diagnosis of paediatric OSA.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

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