Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2019 Nov 19;16(1):36.
doi: 10.1186/s12981-019-0252-0.

Viral suppression in adults, adolescents and children receiving antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon: adolescents at high risk of virological failure in the era of "test and treat"

Joseph Fokam  1   2   3 , Samuel Martin Sosso  4 , Bouba Yagai  5   6 , Serge Clotaire Billong  7   8   9 , Rina Estelle Djubgang Mbadie  9 , Rachel Kamgaing Simo  5 , Serge Valery Edimo  9 , Alex Durand Nka  5 , Aline Tiga Ayissi  5 , Junie Flore Yimga  5 , Désiré Takou  5 , Sylvie Moudourou  5 , Marinette Ngo Nemb  9 , Jean-Bosco Nfetam Elat  8   9 , Maria-Mercedes Santoro  6 , Carlo-Federico Perno  6   10 , Vittorio Colizzi  5   11   12 , Alexis Ndjolo  5   7
Affiliations

Viral suppression in adults, adolescents and children receiving antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon: adolescents at high risk of virological failure in the era of "test and treat"

Joseph Fokam et al. AIDS Res Ther. .

Abstract

Background: After the launching of the « Test & Treat » strategy and the wider accessibility to viral load (VL), evaluating virological success (VS) would help in meeting the UNAIDS targets by 2020 in Cameroon.

Setting and methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in the Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for research on HIV/AIDS prevention and management (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon; data generated between October 2016 and August 2017 amongst adults, adolescents and children at 12, 24, 36 and ≥ 48 months on ART. VS was defined as < 1000 copies/mL of blood plasma and controlled viremia as VL < 50 copies/mL. Data were analysed by SPSS; p < 0.05 considered as significant.

Results: 1946 patients (70% female) were enrolled (1800 adults, 105 adolescents, 41 children); 1841 were on NNRTI-based and 105 on PI-based therapy; with 346 patients at M12, 270 at M24, 205 at M36 and 1125 at ≥ M48. The median (IQR) duration on was 48 months (24-48). Overall, VS was 79.4% (95% CI 77.6-81.2) and 67.1% (95% CI 64.9-69.1) had controlled viral replication. On NNRTI-based, VS was 79.9% vs. 71.4% on PIs-based, p = 0.003. By ART duration, VS was 84.1% (M12), 85.9% (M24), 75.1% (M36) and 77.2% (≥ M48), p = 0.001. By age, VS was 75.6% (children), 53.3% (adolescents) and 81.1% (adults), p < 0.001.

Conclusions: In this sub-population of patients receiving ART in Cameroon, about 80% might be experiencing VS, with declining performance at adolescence, with NNRTI-based regimens, and as from 36 months on ART. Thus, improving VS may require an adapted adherence support mechanism, especially for adolescents with long-term treatment in resource-limited settings.

Keywords: ART duration; Cameroon; HIV/AIDS; Test and treat era; Virological success.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
On-treatment virological success per duration on cART and per gender. cART combination antiretroviral therapy, VL viral load, F female, M male. *p-value for trend of virological success per duration on cART and per female gender; **p-value for trend of virological success per duration on cART and per male gender; ***overall p-value for trend of total population. Error bars represent 95% confidence interval
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
On-treatment virological success per duration on 1st line-NNRTI-based cART. cART combination antiretroviral therapy, VL viral load, 1st line first line therapy-NNRTI-based. *p-value for trend of the 1st line over time. Error bars represent the 95% confidence interval
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). 90–90–90: an ambitious treatment target to help end the AIDS epidemics. http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/90-90-90_en.pdf. Accessed Oct 2014.
    1. World Health Organization (WHO). HIV/AIDS key facts. http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids; Accessed 19 July 2018.
    1. United Nations (UN). Political declaration on HIV and aids: on the fast track to accelerating the fight against HIV and to ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030. http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/2016-political-dec.... Accessed June 2016.
    1. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Ending AIDS: Progress towards the 90–90–90 targets. http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/Global_AIDS_update.... 2017.
    1. Boullé C, Guichet E, Kouanfack C, et al. Virologic failure and human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance in rural Cameroon with regard to the UNAIDS 90–90–90 treatment targets. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2016;3(4):ofw233. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofw233. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms