Emerging Concepts in the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy

Abstract

Purpose of review: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults in the developed world. This review discusses the current approach to managing the disease, such as glycemic and blood pressure control, as well as laser photocoagulation, as well as emerging concepts and controversies on novel therapies.

Recent findings: In recent years, the rise of intraocular anti-angiogenesis treatments is changing the paradigm of classic laser photocoagulation in the management of DR, but its long-term benefits remain an area of controversy. We also discuss new targets including anti-inflammation, neuroprotection, and novel laser technologies. Finally, we discuss new advances in retinal imaging that has vastly improved the diagnosis and management of DR. Diagnosis and management of diabetic retinopathy is a rapidly progressing field. Emerging concepts in ophthalmic imaging, medical treatments, and surgical approaches provide insights into how DR management will evolve in the near future.

Keywords: Blood pressure; Diabetic retinopathy; Glycemic control.