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Review
. 2019 Nov;26(7):1315-1324.
doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.06.002. Epub 2019 Jun 4.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causal agent of vascular wilt disease of tomato: Biology to diversity- A review

C Srinivas  1 , D Nirmala Devi  2 , K Narasimha Murthy  3 , Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan  4 , T R Lakshmeesha  3 , BhimPratap Singh  5 , Naveen Kumar Kalagatur  6 , S R Niranjana  3 , Abeer Hashem  7 , Abdulaziz A Alqarawi  7 , Baby Tabassum  8 , Elsayed Fathi Abd Allah  7 , S Chandra Nayaka  3
Affiliations
Review

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causal agent of vascular wilt disease of tomato: Biology to diversity- A review

C Srinivas et al. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2019 Nov.

Abstract

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is one of the widely grown vegetables worldwide. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) is the significant contributory pathogen of tomato vascular wilt. The initial symptoms of the disease appear in the lower leaves gradually, trail by wilting of the plants. It has been reported that FOL penetrates the tomato plant, colonizing and leaving the vascular tissue dark brown, and this discoloration extends to the apex, leading to the plants wilting, collapsing and dying. Therefore, it has been widely accepted that wilting caused by this fungus is the result of a combination of various physiological activities, including the accumulation of fungal mycelia in and around xylem, mycotoxin production, inactivation of host defense, and the production of tyloses; however, wilting symptoms are variable. Therefore, the selection of molecular markers may be a more effective means of screening tomato races. Several studies on the detection of FOL have been carried out and have suggested the potency of the technique for diagnosing FOL. This review focuses on biology and variability of FOL, understanding and presenting a holistic picture of the vascular wilt disease of tomato in relation to disease model, biology, virulence. We conclude that genomic and proteomic approachesare greater tools for identification of informative candidates involved in pathogenicity, which can be considered as one of the approaches in managing the disease.

Keywords: Biology; Diversity; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici; Lycopersicon esculentum; Pathogenicity; Vascular wilt.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Fusarium wilt caused by F. oxysporumf. sp. lycopersiciin field conditions.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
(a and b). Cultural and morphological features of Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. lycopersici. (a). F. oxysporumcolony of Fusarium sp. on PDA agar; (b). Microscopic view of macroconidia of F. oxysporumf. sp. Lycopersici, macroconidia abundant, commonly three septate and the attachment of the macroconidia to the mycelium is observed.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Schematic representation of application of multi-omics approaches for study F. oxysporumf. sp. lycopersicidiversity for developing FOL resistant tomato.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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Further reading

    1. Staniaszek M., Sczechura W., Marczewski W. Identification of a new molecular marker C2–25 linked to the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici resistance Frl gene in tomato. Czech. J. Genet. Plant Breed. 2014;50:285–287.

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