Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2019 Nov 21;7(6):e00536.
doi: 10.1002/prp2.536. eCollection 2019 Dec.

Association between use of oral hypoglycemic agents in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of depression: A retrospective cohort study

Hayato Akimoto  1 , Kotoe Tezuka  2 , Yayoi Nishida  1 , Tomohiro Nakayama  3 , Yasuo Takahashi  2 , Satoshi Asai  1
Affiliations

Association between use of oral hypoglycemic agents in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of depression: A retrospective cohort study

Hayato Akimoto et al. Pharmacol Res Perspect. .

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for depression. Since brain insulin resistance plays a potential role in depression, the future risk of depression in patients with T2DM may be altered depending on the class of oral hypoglycemic agent (OHA) used for T2DM therapy. The aim of the present study was to determine if specific classes of OHAs are associated with a risk for comorbid depression in T2DM. Japanese adult patients with T2DM (n = 40 214) were divided into a case group (with depression; n = 1979) and control group (without depression; n = 38 235). After adjustment for age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for 10 years: 1.03; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99-1.07; P = .1211], sex [AOR for female: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.26-1.53; P < .0001], hemoglobin A1c [AOR for 1.0%: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.11-1.26; P < .0001], duration of T2DM [AOR for 1 year: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.99-1.01; P = .4089], and history of seven medical conditions, the odds ratios for the development of depression was significantly lower for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors [AOR: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.24-0.42; P < .0001]. However, there was no significant association for the other classes of OHAs. Therefore, this study finds that there is less risk of depression associated with the use of DPP-4 inhibitors for the treatment of T2DM.

Keywords: depression; dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor; oral hypoglycemic agent; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Definition of duration of T2DM (A), glycemic control (B), and use or nonuse of oral hypoglycemic agents (C). T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; OHA, oral hypoglycemic agent
Figure 2
Figure 2
A flowchart of patient extractions from NUSM CDW
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators . Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990‐2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet. 2016;388:1545‐1602. - PMC - PubMed
    1. World Health Organization . Fact sheet on depression.https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression. Accessed May 9, 2019.
    1. Smith K. Mental health: a world of depression. Nature. 2014;515:181‐181. - PubMed
    1. van Dieren S, Beulens JW, van der Schouw YT, Grobbee DE, Neal B. The global burden of diabetes and its complications: an emerging pandemic. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2010;17:S3‐S8. - PubMed
    1. Holden SH, Barnett AH, Peters JR, et al. The incidence of type 2 diabetes in the United Kingdom from 1991 to 2010. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2013;15:844‐852. - PubMed

Substances