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Review
. 2019 Oct;35(5):299-304.
doi: 10.1159/000503041. Epub 2019 Sep 10.

Preoperative Nutritional Conditioning: Why, When and How

Birgit Borloni  1 , Hendrik Huettner  1 , Tobias Schuerholz  1
Affiliations
Review

Preoperative Nutritional Conditioning: Why, When and How

Birgit Borloni et al. Visc Med. 2019 Oct.

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition is a frequent finding in patients undergoing cancer surgery, especially in the elderly. The decreased nutritional status leads to increased complications and to delayed recovery after the surgical procedure. While established concepts of enhanced recovery after surgery and rehabilitation aim at improving the patient after surgery, the concept of prehabilitation is targeting the phase before surgery. This multimodal concept incorporates preoperative nutritional support.

Summary: Nutritional conditioning targets an increase in the functional reserve preoperatively to optimize recovery in the postoperative period. Routinely, it is combined with an exercise program according to the patient's state. Individualized meal plans help to meet the patient's requirements and should start approximately 4 weeks prior to surgery. An important part of the nutritional conditioning is to guarantee a daily protein intake of at least 1.2 g/kg body weight. This may be realized by commercially available whey proteins in particular or milk proteins in general.

Key messages: All specialists involved in the care of cancer patients should recognize the care continuum that starts when the need for surgery is identified and aims at increasing the functional capacity throughout the pre-, peri- and postoperative phase by means of prehabilitation, enhanced recovery programs and rehabilitation.

Keywords: Cancer; Nutritional status; Optimization; Prehabilitation; Surgery.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Care continuum in surgical cancer patients.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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