Consensus-based technical recommendations for clinical translation of renal BOLD MRI

Octavia Bane¹, Iosif A Mendichovszky², Bastien Milani³, Ilona A Dekkers⁴, Jean-Francois Deux⁵, Per Eckerbom⁶, Nicolas Grenier⁷, Michael E Hall⁸, Tsutomu Inoue⁹, Christoffer Laustsen¹⁰, Lilach O Lerman¹¹, Chunlei Liu¹², Glen Morrell¹³, Michael Pedersen¹⁴, Menno Pruijm¹⁵, Elizabeth A Sadowski¹⁶, Erdmann Seeliger¹⁷, Kanishka Sharma¹⁸, Harriet Thoeny¹⁹, Peter Vermathen²⁰, Zhen J Wang²¹, Zbigniew Serafin²², Jeff L Zhang²³, Susan T Francis²⁴, Steven Sourbron¹⁸, Andreas Pohlmann²⁵, Sean B Fain²⁶, Pottumarthi V Prasad²⁷

Affiliations

¹ BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
² Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
³ Center for BioMedical Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
⁴ Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
⁵ Department of Radiology, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.
⁶ Department of Radiology, Institution for Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
⁷ Department of Radiology, Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
⁸ Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
⁹ Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
¹⁰ The MR Research Center Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
¹¹ Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
¹² Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
¹³ Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Clinical Medicine-Comparative Medicine Lab, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
¹⁵ Nephrology and Hypertension Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
¹⁶ Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
¹⁷ Institute of Physiology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
¹⁸ Imaging Biomarkers Group, Department of Biomedical Imaging Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
¹⁹ Department of Radiology, Hôpital Cantonal Fribourgois, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
²⁰ Departments for BioMedical Research and Radiology, Inselspital, Universitaetspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
²¹ Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
²² Department of Radiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
²³ Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
²⁴ Sir Peter Mansfield Centre, University of Notthingham, Notthingham, UK.
²⁵ Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
²⁶ Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Radiology, and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
²⁷ Department of Radiology, Center for Advanced Imaging, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA. pprasad@northshore.org.

PMID: 31768797
PMCID: PMC7021747
DOI: 10.1007/s10334-019-00802-x

Review

Consensus-based technical recommendations for clinical translation of renal BOLD MRI

Octavia Bane et al. MAGMA. 2020 Feb.

. 2020 Feb;33(1):199-215.

doi: 10.1007/s10334-019-00802-x. Epub 2019 Nov 25.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
² Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
³ Center for BioMedical Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
⁴ Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
⁵ Department of Radiology, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.
⁶ Department of Radiology, Institution for Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
⁷ Department of Radiology, Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
⁸ Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
⁹ Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
¹⁰ The MR Research Center Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
¹¹ Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
¹² Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
¹³ Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Clinical Medicine-Comparative Medicine Lab, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
¹⁵ Nephrology and Hypertension Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
¹⁶ Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
¹⁷ Institute of Physiology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
¹⁸ Imaging Biomarkers Group, Department of Biomedical Imaging Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
¹⁹ Department of Radiology, Hôpital Cantonal Fribourgois, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
²⁰ Departments for BioMedical Research and Radiology, Inselspital, Universitaetspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
²¹ Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
²² Department of Radiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
²³ Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
²⁴ Sir Peter Mansfield Centre, University of Notthingham, Notthingham, UK.
²⁵ Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
²⁶ Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Radiology, and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
²⁷ Department of Radiology, Center for Advanced Imaging, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA. pprasad@northshore.org.

PMID: 31768797
PMCID: PMC7021747
DOI: 10.1007/s10334-019-00802-x

Abstract

Harmonization of acquisition and analysis protocols is an important step in the validation of BOLD MRI as a renal biomarker. This harmonization initiative provides technical recommendations based on a consensus report with the aim to move towards standardized protocols that facilitate clinical translation and comparison of data across sites. We used a recently published systematic review paper, which included a detailed summary of renal BOLD MRI technical parameters and areas of investigation in its supplementary material, as the starting point in developing the survey questionnaires for seeking consensus. Survey data were collected via the Delphi consensus process from 24 researchers on renal BOLD MRI exam preparation, data acquisition, data analysis, and interpretation. Consensus was defined as ≥ 75% unanimity in response. Among 31 survey questions, 14 achieved consensus resolution, 12 showed clear respondent preference (65-74% agreement), and 5 showed equal (50/50%) split in opinion among respondents. Recommendations for subject preparation, data acquisition, processing and reporting are given based on the survey results and review of the literature. These technical recommendations are aimed towards increased inter-site harmonization, a first step towards standardization of renal BOLD MRI protocols across sites. We expect this to be an iterative process updated dynamically based on progress in the field.

Keywords: BOLD MRI; Biomarkers; Consensus; Imaging; Kidney; Standardization.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declared that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Fig. 1**
a Pulse sequence diagram of a multiple gradient-echo (mGRE) sequence with n echo times (TE₁–TE_n) obtained from a single RF excitation, with the readout gradient (G_read) rewinded after each signal sampling (ACQ). b BOLD-MRI acquisition (breath hold, 2D mGRE sequence, TR = 51 ms, flip angle = 30°, 5 mm slice thickness, 5 mm space between slices, FOV 400 × 400 mm, matrix 256 × 256) example with eight echo times (TE from 3.09 to 30.53 ms, bandwidth 256 Hz/pixel); cortex and medulla ROI delineation example, and R₂* grayscale map on a 3T Siemens Skyra^fit in a healthy volunteer (female, age 64, BMI 25.6). (Courtesy: Lu-Ping Li, Ph.D., NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA). *BOLD* blood-oxygen level dependent, *FOV* field of view, *mGRE* multi-echo gradient echo, RF radio frequency, *ROI* region of interest, TE echo time

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Consensus-based technical recommendations for clinical translation of renal BOLD MRI

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Consensus-based technical recommendations for clinical translation of renal BOLD MRI

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Conflict of interest statement

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