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. 2019 Nov 27;15(1):424.
doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-2182-4.

The expression of cytokines in the milk somatic cells, blood leukocytes and serum of goats infected with small ruminant lentivirus

Justyna Jarczak  1   2 , Danuta Słoniewska  3 , Jarosław Kaba  4 , Emilia Bagnicka  3
Affiliations

The expression of cytokines in the milk somatic cells, blood leukocytes and serum of goats infected with small ruminant lentivirus

Justyna Jarczak et al. BMC Vet Res. .

Abstract

Background: The present study aimed to determine the expression of cytokines, which is associated with the immunological response of dairy goats against small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV). The study was conducted on 26 dairy goats in their second to sixth lactation, which were divided by breed and parity into two groups: SRLV naturally infected (N = 13) and non-infected (N = 13) animals. All goats in the study were asymptomatic. The milk and blood samples, which served as studied material were taken on days 7, 30, 120 and 240 of the lactation. The gene and protein expression of several cytokines was studied using Real-Time PCR and ELISA methods.

Results: INF-β and INF-γ expression was down-regulated in the milk somatic cells (MSC) of SRLV-infected goats. However, an increased concentration of INF-β was observed in the MSC in SRLV-infected goats, while INF-γ expression was not observed in both SRLV-infected and non-infected animals The SRLV-infected goats also displayed decreased expression of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6 and INF-γ genes in the blood leukocytes,with IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6 protein levels also being decreased in the sera. TNF-α was the only gene that demonstrated increased expression in both the MSC and the blood of infected animals; however, no such overexpression was observed at the protein level.

Conclusions: SRLV probably influences the immune system of infected animals by deregulating of the expression of cytokines. Further, epigenetic studies may clarify the mechanisms by which SRLV regulates the gene and protein expression of the host.

Keywords: Gene expression; Goats; Protein expression; SRLV.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Co-author Jarosław Kaba is a member of the editorial board of the BMC Veterinary Research however he had no role in the handling of this manuscript.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Relative expression of cytokine genes in the MSC of SRLV-infected animals comparing to non-infected ones
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Relative expression of cytokine genes in the blood of SRLV-infected animals comparing to non-infected ones
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Protein concentrations of cytokines in the MSC on SRLV-infected and non-infected (C) animals
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Protein concentrations of cytokines in the blood sera of SRLV-infected and non-infected (C) animals
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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