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Review
. 2020 Jan;63(1):65-73.
doi: 10.1007/s00103-019-03061-2.

Developing vaccines against epidemic-prone emerging infectious diseases

Valentina Bernasconi  1 , Paul A Kristiansen  1 , Mike Whelan  2 , Raúl Gómez Román  1 , Alison Bettis  1 , Solomon Abebe Yimer  1 , Céline Gurry  1 , Svein R Andersen  1 , Debra Yeskey  3 , Henshaw Mandi  1 , Arun Kumar  1 , Johan Holst  1 , Carolyn Clark  1 , Jakob P Cramer  2 , John-Arne Røttingen  1   4 , Richard Hatchett  1 , Melanie Saville  2 , Gunnstein Norheim  5
Affiliations
Review

Developing vaccines against epidemic-prone emerging infectious diseases

Valentina Bernasconi et al. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2020 Jan.

Erratum in

  • Correction to: Developing vaccines against epidemic-prone emerging infectious diseases.
    Bernasconi V, Kristiansen PA, Whelan M, Román RG, Bettis A, Yimer SA, Gurry C, Andersen SR, Yeskey D, Mandi H, Kumar A, Holst J, Clark C, Cramer JP, Røttingen JA, Hatchett R, Saville M, Norheim G. Bernasconi V, et al. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2020 Feb;63(2):226. doi: 10.1007/s00103-019-03085-8. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2020. PMID: 31915867 Free PMC article.

Abstract
in English, German

Today's world is characterized by increasing population density, human mobility, urbanization, and climate and ecological change. This global dynamic has various effects, including the increased appearance of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), which pose a growing threat to global health security.Outbreaks of EIDs, like the 2013-2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa or the current Ebola outbreak in Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), have not only put populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) at risk in terms of morbidity and mortality, but they also have had a significant impact on economic growth in affected regions and beyond.The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovation (CEPI) is an innovative global partnership between public, private, philanthropic, and civil society organizations that was launched as the result of a consensus that a coordinated, international, and intergovernmental plan was needed to develop and deploy new vaccines to prevent future epidemics.CEPI is focusing on supporting candidate vaccines against the World Health Organization (WHO) Blueprint priority pathogens MERS-CoV, Nipah virus, Lassa fever virus, and Rift Valley fever virus, as well as Chikungunya virus, which is on the WHO watch list. The current vaccine portfolio contains a wide variety of technologies, ranging across recombinant viral vectors, nucleic acids, and recombinant proteins. To support and accelerate vaccine development, CEPI will also support science projects related to the development of biological standards and assays, animal models, epidemiological studies, and diagnostics, as well as build capacities for future clinical trials in risk-prone contexts.

Eine globale Dynamik geprägt von zunehmender Bevölkerungsdichte, menschlicher Mobilität, Urbanisierung sowie Veränderung klimatischer und ökologischer Bedingungen lässt die zunehmende Ausbreitung von Infektionserregern wie auch das Auftreten neuer Infektionskrankheiten erwarten (EID-emerging infectious diseases). Ausbrüche von EID, wie der Ebola-Ausbruch in Westafrika 2013–2016 oder der aktuelle Ebola-Ausbruch in der Demokratischen Republik Kongo seit August 2018, stellen nicht nur eine gesundheitliche Bedrohung für die Bevölkerungen dar, sie haben auch erhebliche Auswirkungen auf das Wirtschaftswachstum in den betroffenen Regionen und darüber hinaus, und stellen somit eine wachsende Bedrohung für die globale Gesundheit dar. Die Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovation (CEPI) ist eine innovative globale Partnerschaft zwischen öffentlichen, privaten, philanthropischen und zivilgesellschaftlichen Organisationen. Ihre Gründung basiert auf den Konsensus, dass ein koordinierter, internationaler und zwischenstaatlicher Plan erforderlich ist, um neue Impfstoffe zu entwickeln, einzusetzen und so zukünftige Epidemien zu verhindern. CEPI konzentriert sich auf die Unterstützung von Impfstoffkandidaten gegen die in der Blueprint-Liste der Weltgesundheitsorganisation angeführten Erreger. Das aktuelle Portfolio umfasst eine Vielzahl von Technologien, die von rekombinanten viralen Vektoren über Nukleinsäuren bis hin zu rekombinanten Proteinen reichen. Um die Entwicklung von Impfstoffen zu unterstützen und zu beschleunigen, konzentriert sich CEPI auch auf wissenschaftliche Projekte im Zusammenhang mit der Entwicklung biologischer Standards und Assays, Tiermodellen, epidemiologischen Studien und Diagnostika sowie auf den Aufbau von Kapazitäten für zukünftige klinische Studien in entsprechenden Risikogebieten.

Keywords: CEPI; Chikungunya; MERS-CoV; Nipah; Rift Valley fever.

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Conflict of interest statement

V. Bernasconi, P.A. Kristiansen, M. Whelan, R.G. Román, A. Bettis, S.A. Yimer, C. Gurry, S.R. Andersen, D. Yeskey, H. Mandi, A. Kumar, J. Holst, C. Clark, J.P. Cramer, J.-A. Røttingen, R. Hatchett, M. Saville, and G. Norheim declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The role of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) within the vaccine development pipeline; CEPI is funding projects from phase I trials to the development of a stockpile and has a role as facilitator in the vaccine development process from discovery to the delivery and stockpiling of new vaccines. (NIH National Institutes of Health; IMI Innovative Medicines Initiative; GloPID‑R Global Research Collaboration for Infectious Disease Preparedness; EC European Commission; BMGF Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; BARDA Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority; DTRA Defense Threat Reduction Agency; WHO World Health Organization; PDs product developers; CMOs contract manufacturing organizations; GHIF Global Health Investment Fund; GAVI Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization; UNICEF United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund; PAHO Pan American Health Organization; MSF Médecins Sans Frontières)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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