Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2020 Oct;140(10):1303-1310.
doi: 10.1007/s00402-019-03299-0. Epub 2019 Nov 27.

Possible pathogenesis of calcaneal bone cysts

Manabu Hoshi  1 , Naoto Oebisu  2 , Tadashi Iwai  2 , Akiyoshi Shimatani  2 , Naoki Takada  2 , Masanari Aono  2 , Makoto Ieguchi  2 , Masatsugu Takami  2 , Hiroaki Nakamura  2
Affiliations

Possible pathogenesis of calcaneal bone cysts

Manabu Hoshi et al. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2020 Oct.

Abstract

Introduction: Recent literature indicates that calcaneal bone cysts have different clinical features compared to long bone cysts. Yet, previous studies have mainly focused on pathogenesis of long bone cysts. In this study, the pathogenesis of calcaneal bone cysts was investigated from radiological and pathological findings.

Materials and methods: Patients comprised 18 males and 6 females diagnosed with calcaneal bone cysts at a median age ± standard deviation of 13.0 ± 3.6 years. Plain radiographs, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, cystography, bone scintigraphy, and pathology were reviewed.

Results: All cysts occupied the central triangular area of the bone, with six extending posteriorly and two developing anteriorly. Fifteen of 20 cases (75%) showed the expanded foramen structures at the anterior margin of the posterior facet. According to cystography, four cysts showed absence of leakage to subtalar joint. Cystic fluid caused chronic haemorrhaging in 18 cases and pathologically detected cholesterol clefts were noted in 14 cases.

Discussion: The location of the expanded foramen structures was consistent with the nutrient foramens of the sinus tarsi artery in the unaffected population. Hence, initial cysts may originate from the collapse of the sinus tarsi artery. Subsequent haemorrhage may extend into the central triangle area, which is biomechanically free of stress. Because of poor bone remodelling, degenerative change of the haemorrhage is prolonged. The results of this study showed that circulation collapse of the sinus tarsi artery and mechanical factors are important in the formation of calcaneal bone cysts.

Keywords: Calcaneus; Foramen structure; Pathogenesis; Sinus tarsi artery; Solitary bone cyst.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Kadhim M, Thacker M, Kadhim A, Holmes L Jr (2014) Treatment of unicameral bone cyst: systematic review and meta analysis. J Child Orthop 8:171–191 - DOI
    1. Polat O, Sağlik Y, Adigüzel HE, Arikan M, Yildiz HY (2009) Our clinical experience on calcaneal bone cysts: 36 cysts in 33 patients. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 129:1489–1494 - DOI
    1. Pogoda P, Priemel M, Linhart W, Stork A, Adam G, Windolf J, Rueger JM, Amling M (2004) Clinical relevance of calcaneal bone cysts: a study of 50 cysts in 47 patients. Clin Orthop Relat Res 424:202–210 - DOI
    1. Takada J, Hoshi M, Oebisu N, Ieguchi M, Kakehashi A, Wanibuchi H, Nakamura H (2014) A comparative study of clinicopathological features between simple bone cysts of the calcaneus and the long bone. Foot Ankle Int 35:374–382 - DOI
    1. Cohen J (1960) Simple bone cysts Studies of cyst fluid in six cases with a theory of pathogenesis. J Bone Jt Surg Am 42-A:609–616 - DOI

LinkOut - more resources