Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 Feb;8(2):e1071.
doi: 10.1002/mgg3.1071. Epub 2019 Nov 27.

Diagnostic accuracy of midkine for hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis

Yu Zhang  1 , Juan Tang  1 , Xiao Zhou  2 , Shao-Liang Zhu  1 , Le-Qun Li  1
Affiliations
Review

Diagnostic accuracy of midkine for hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis

Yu Zhang et al. Mol Genet Genomic Med. 2020 Feb.

Abstract

Background: There have been many reports on midkine as a promising marker in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the results are inconsistent and even conflicting.

Methods: This meta-analysis was performed to investigate the accuracy of midkine in the diagnosis of HCC. Meta-DiSc 1.4 software was used to extract data and to calculate the overall sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). Data are presented as forest plots and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve analysis was used to summarize the overall test performance.

Results: Ten studies with a total of 753 HCC patients and 977 non-HCC patients were included. The overall pooled diagnostic data were as follows: the pooled sensitivity of 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 083-0.88), the pooled specificity of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.73-0.78), the pooled PLR of 4.71 (95% CI: 2.80-7.90), the pooled NLR of 0.18 (95% CI: 0.11-0.30), and the pooled DOR of 36.83 (95% CI: 13.56-100.05). The area under curve value was 0.9266 in the overall SROC curve.

Conclusion: Midkine has moderate diagnostic accuracy for HCC. Due to the design limitations, results inpublished studies should be carefully interpreted. In addition, more well-designed studies with large sample sizes should be performed to rigorously evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the MDK.

Keywords: diagnosis accuracy; hepatocellular carcinoma; meta-analysis; midkine.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of study selection for meta‐analysis
Figure 2
Figure 2
Summary assessment of methodological quality of included studies by Quality Assessment of Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy II
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plots of the meta‐analysis of (a) sensitivity, (b) specifcity, (c) PLR, and (d) NLR. PLR, positive likelihood ratio; NLR, negative likelihood ratio
Figure 4
Figure 4
DOR (a) and SROC (b) curve with AUC for midkine. AUC, area under the curve; DOR, diagnostic odds ratio; SROC, summary receiver operator characteristic
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Capurro, M. , Wanless, I. R. , Sherman, M. , Deboer, G. , Shi, W. , Miyoshi, E. , & Filmus, J. (2003). Glypican‐3: A novel serum and histochemical marker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology, 125, 89–97. 10.1016/S0016-5085(03)00689-9 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Dai, L. , Yao, X. , Lu, Y. , Ping, J. , Zhang, B. , & Ni, C. R. (2003). Expression of midkine and its relationship with HBV infection in hepatocellular carcinomas. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi, 19, 1691–1693. - PubMed
    1. Devillé, W. L. , Buntinx, F. , Bouter, L. M. , Montori, V. M. , de Vet, H. C. , van der Windt, D. A. W. M. , & Bezemer, P. D. (2002). Conducting systematic reviews of diagnostic studies: Didactic guidelines. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 2, 9 10.1186/1471-2288-2-9 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Duval, S. , & Tweedie, R. (2000). Trim and fill: A simple funnel‐plot based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta‐analysis. Biometrics, 56, 455–463. 10.1111/j.0006-341X.2000.00455.x - DOI - PubMed
    1. Higgins, J. P. , Thompson, S. G. , Deeks, J. J. , & Altman, D. G. (2003). Measuring inconsistency in metaanalyses. BMJ, 327, 557–560. 10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms