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Review
. 2019 Dec 2;14(23):4129-4139.
doi: 10.1002/asia.201900969. Epub 2019 Nov 28.

Thermosetting Shape Memory Polymers and Composites Based on Polybenzoxazine Blends, Alloys and Copolymers

Phattarin Mora  1 , Hannes Schäfer  2 , Chanchira Jubsilp  3 , Sarawut Rimdusit  1 , Katharina Koschek  2
Affiliations
Review

Thermosetting Shape Memory Polymers and Composites Based on Polybenzoxazine Blends, Alloys and Copolymers

Phattarin Mora et al. Chem Asian J. .

Abstract

When dealing with smart polymers, in particular with shape memory polymers, the polymer type and composition specify the overall material properties and in particular the extent of the shape memory effect. Polybenzoxazines as a polymer with high potential for structural applications represent a promising component for materials with both shape memory effect and structurally interesting material properties. This minireview gives insight into how the shape memory effect, in particular the shape recovery event, is influenced by internal factors such as polymer structure, morphology and external factors such as filler addition.

Keywords: polybenzoxazines; shape memory polymer composites; shape memory polymers; shape recovery.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Main stages of thermally induced SMPs comparing thermosetting (TS) and thermplastic (TP) based SMPs with T g as T trans of TS‐SMPs and T m as T trans for TP‐SMPs.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Proposed structure of PCL/PBA‐a copolymer and blend (reprinted with permission from source 34).
Figure 3
Figure 3
a) Sample composition of PCL/PBA‐a polymers with mixed bonding mode (reprinted with permission from source 33), b) possible bonding modes depending on PCLs end group modification (reprinted with permission from source 32).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Possible bonding modes depending on PCLs end group modification after extraction.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Pictures of fracture surfaces of (un)modified PCL/PBA‐a samples and pure PBA‐a done by SEM (reprinted with permission from 32).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Factors influencing the shape memory effect in PCL/polybenzoxazine alloys (reprinted with permission from 32).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Multiple‐shape memory behavior of a sample based on a benzoxazine/urethane alloy.39
Figure 8
Figure 8
Schematic of shape memory effects of thermoset‐shape memory polymer based on polybenzoxazine/epoxy copolymers (adapted from 42).
Figure 9
Figure 9
Recovery stress of BA‐a/NGDE SMPs at various BA‐a contents (adapted from 42).
Figure 10
Figure 10
Shape memory effects of V‐fa/ECO copolymer and shape recovery process after exposing to thermal heating at T g+20 °C.43
Figure 11
Figure 11
The relationship between recovery stress and time of silicon carbide whisker‐filled BA‐a/NGDE SMPs at various silicon carbide whisker contents: (▾) 0 wt %, (▪) 5 wt %, (⧫) 10 wt %, ( formula image) 15 wt %, (•) 20 wt % (adapted from 45).
Figure 12
Figure 12
The shape recovery of V‐fa/ECO SMPCs filled with MWCNT using NIR laser irradiation (adapted from 47).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Tiptipakorn S., Rimdusit S. in Advanced and Emerging Polybenzoxazine Science and Technology (Eds.: H. Ishida, P. Froimowicz), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2017, p. 1029.

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