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. 2019 Nov 28;14(1):352.
doi: 10.1186/s11671-019-3154-0.

Adsorption of Cadmium Ions from an Aqueous Solution on a Highly Stable Dopamine-Modified Magnetic Nano-Adsorbent

Ting Lei  1 , Sheng-Jian Li  1 , Fang Jiang  1 , Zi-Xuan Ren  1 , Li-Lian Wang  1 , Xiang-Jun Yang  1 , Li-Hong Tang  2 , Shi-Xiong Wang  3
Affiliations

Adsorption of Cadmium Ions from an Aqueous Solution on a Highly Stable Dopamine-Modified Magnetic Nano-Adsorbent

Ting Lei et al. Nanoscale Res Lett. .

Abstract

Magnetic nanomaterials were functionalized with dopamine hydrochloride as the functional reagent to afford a core-shell-type Fe3O4 modified with polydopamine (Fe3O4@PDA) composite, which was used for the adsorption of cadmium ions from an aqueous solution. In addition, the effects of environmental factors on the adsorption capacity were investigated. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamics of the adsorbents were discussed. Results revealed that the adsorption of cadmium by Fe3O4@PDA reaches equilibrium within 120 min, and kinetic fitting data are consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 > 0.999). The adsorption isotherm of Cd2+ on Fe3O4@PDA was in agreement with the Freundlich model, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 21.58 mg/g. The thermodynamic parameters revealed that adsorption is inherently endothermic and spontaneous. Results obtained from the adsorption-desorption cycles revealed that Fe3O4@PDA exhibits ultra-high adsorption stability and reusability. Furthermore, the adsorbents were easily separated from water under an enhanced external magnetic field after adsorption due to the introduction of an iron-based core. Hence, this study demonstrates a promising magnetic nano-adsorbent for the effective removal of cadmium from cadmium-containing wastewater.

Keywords: Adsorption; Cadmium; Dopamine modification; Magnetic nanomaterials.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Synthesis and structure of Fe3O4@PDA
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
a X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of (a) standard Fe3O4, (b) synthesized Fe3O4, and (c) Fe3O4@PDA; TEM images of b Fe3O4, c Fe3O4@PDA, d Fe3O4@PDA-Cd2+, and e Fe3O4@PDA of the 10th adsorption–desorption cycles
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
a FTIR spectra of (a) Fe3O4, (b) PDA microspheres, (c) Fe3O4@PDA, and (d) Fe3O4@PDA-Cd2+; XPS spectra of b wide-scan, c O 1s, d N 1s, and e Cd 3d
Scheme 2
Scheme 2
Synthetic of polydopamine
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Magnetization curves of a Fe3O4 and b Fe3O4@PDA nanoparticles at room temperature
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
a Effect of the reaction time on the adsorption capacity of adsorbents (Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@PDA), b pseudo-first-order kinetics, and c pseudo-second-order kinetics of Fe3O4@PDA
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
a Effect of the Cd2+ concentration on the adsorption capacity, b Langmuir isotherm, c Freundlich isotherm, and d D-R isotherm for the adsorption of Cd2+ by Fe3O4@PDA
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
a Effect of temperature on the adsorption of Cd2+ and b relationship between lnKe and 1/T for the Cd2+ adsorption on Fe3O4@PDA
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
a Effect of different adsorbent doses on the adsorption of Cd2+, b effect of pH on the uptake of metal ions by the adsorbents, and c variation of the adsorption capacity of Fe3O4@PDA for Cd2+ with the number of adsorption–desorption cycles
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