[Improvement of antibiotic therapy adequacy with local guidelines and their reassessment through a multidisciplinary action: Prospective study in an Internal Medicine department]

Abstract

Introduction: The implementation of antimicrobial stewardship actions is important in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. The objective of our study was to evaluate the impact of a multidisciplinary program on the adequacy of antibiotic prescriptions with local guidelines in terms of indication, molecule, dosage and treatment duration during the 48-72h reassessment in an internal medicine department.

Method: This was a before/after monocentric, prospective study. All patients hospitalized in the internal medicine department who were treated with antibiotics for at least 48h were included. The intervention had two components: training of residents about antibiotic treatment and development of a multidisciplinary 48-72h reassessment team. Our primary endpoint was the adequacy of prescriptions with local guidelines, assessed by an independent blinded committee. We also measured antibiotic consumptions.

Results: One hundred and twelve patients were included. Adequacy with local recommendations increased from 57.1% to 97.8% (P<0.01), including for the duration of treatment. Traceability of reassessment in medical records increased from 65.3 % to 97.8 % (P<0.01). Finally, the part of consumption of antibiotics with high risk of resistance selection decreased during the period "after" (-10.2 %, P<0.01).

Conclusion: The set-up of a multimodal (association of pedagogic and incentive actions) and multidisciplinary (internist, clinical pharmacist and antimicrobial stewards) action improved the adequacy of antibiotic prescriptions with local guidelines.

Keywords: Antibiotic; Antibiotiques; Internal medicine; Médecine interne; Reassessment; Réévaluation.