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. 2019 Nov 29;16(23):4801.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph16234801.

Patient-Nurse Ratio is Related to Nurses' Intention to Leave Their Job through Mediating Factors of Burnout and Job Dissatisfaction

Yi-Chuan Chen  1 , Yue-Liang Leon Guo  2   3 , Wei-Shan Chin  4 , Nai-Yun Cheng  5 , Jiune-Jye Ho  5 , Judith Shu-Chu Shiao  1   6   7
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Patient-Nurse Ratio is Related to Nurses' Intention to Leave Their Job through Mediating Factors of Burnout and Job Dissatisfaction

Yi-Chuan Chen et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

In healthcare settings, nurses' workload, burnout, and job satisfaction are associated to the patient-nurse ratio. Whether this ratio also affects their intention to leave the nursing profession, along with the underlying stress pathway, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the patient-nurse ratio on nurses' intention to leave and considering the mediating roles of burnout and job dissatisfaction. The study analyzed the data of two pooled cross-sectional surveys collected in 2013 and 2014. Measures were obtained by a structure questionnaire, which queried the average daily patient-nurse ratio (ADPNR), nurses' personal burnout, client-related burnout, job dissatisfaction, intention to leave, and other demographics. ADPNRs were standardized according to hospital levels. Multiple regression models examined mediation hypotheses, and a percentile bootstrap confidence interval was applied to determine the significance of indirect effects. A total of 1409 full-time registered nurses in medical and surgical wards of 24 secondary or tertiary hospitals in Taiwan completed self-administered questionnaires. Most of the participants were female (97.2%), and the mean age was 29.9 years. The association between the standardized ADPNR and intention to leave their job was significantly mediated by personal burnout, client-related burnout, and job dissatisfaction. Higher standardized ADPNRs predicted higher levels of personal burnout, client-related burnout, and job dissatisfaction, each of which resulted in higher levels of intention to leave the current job. The results highlight that appropriate patient-nurse ratio standards may be further discussed by selecting personal burnout, client-related burnout, and job dissatisfaction as indicators.

Keywords: burnout; intention to leave; job dissatisfaction; nurse; patient–nurse ratio.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The mediation model of the relationship between the standardized average daily patient–nurse ratio and intention to leave through personal burnout, client-related burnout, and job dissatisfaction.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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