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. 2019 Oct 14;10(11):5724-5743.
doi: 10.1364/BOE.10.005724. eCollection 2019 Nov 1.

Clinical multi-functional OCT for retinal imaging

Shinnosuke Azuma  1   2 , Shuichi Makita  1   2 , Deepa Kasaragod  1   2 , Satoshi Sugiyama  3 , Masahiro Miura  4   2 , Yoshiaki Yasuno  1   2
Affiliations

Clinical multi-functional OCT for retinal imaging

Shinnosuke Azuma et al. Biomed Opt Express. .

Abstract

A compact clinical prototype multi-functional optical coherence tomography (OCT) device for the posterior human eye has been developed. This compact Jones-matrix OCT (JM-OCT) device integrates all components into a single package. Multiple image functions, i.e., scattering intensity, OCT angiography, and the degree of polarization uniformity, are obtained. The device has the capability for measuring local birefringence. Multi-functional imaging of several eyes with age-related macular degeneration is demonstrated. The compact JM-OCT device will be useful for the in vivo non-invasive investigation of abnormal tissues.

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Conflict of interest statement

SA, DK: Tomey Corp. (F), TOPCON (F), Nidek (F), Kao (F); SM, YY; Tomey Corp. (F, P), TOPCON (F), Nidek (F), Kao (F); SS: Tomey Corp. (E); MM Allergan (F), Alcon (F), Novartis (F,R), Santen (F,R), Bayer (F).

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Schematic diagram of the developed JM-OCT device. (a) Light source and FBG trigger unit, (b) reference delay, (c) passive polarization delay module (PDM), (d) polarization-diversity and coherent-detection module (PDCDM), (e) calibration mirror, and (f) scanning head. FBG: fiber Bragg grating, APD: avalanche photo detector, BPD: balanced photo detector, DM: dichroic mirror, FC: fiber collimator, LP1, LP2: linear polarizers, NPBS: non-polarizing beam splitter, PBS: polarizing beam splitter, PC1, PC2, PC3: polarization controllers, and RAP: right-angle prism.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Pictures of the developed JM-OCT device (a), developed JM-OCT device without cover (b), encapsulated polarization-diversity and coherent-detection module (PDCDM) and passive polarization delay module (PDM) (c), top view of the developed JM-OCT device (d), and side view of the developed JM-OCT device (e).
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Probe power stability. (a) Change in probe power with respect to temperature over time. (b) Relationship between temperature and probe power. Circles and triangles indicate data acquired using the JM-OCT device with conventional fiber couplers and the new stable couplers, respectively.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Multiple images obtained by multi-functional OCT with a non-pathological case. (a) Scattering intensity, (b) OCTA, (c) DOPU, (d) RPE-melanin image, and (e) segmented RPE (red) overlaid on scattering intensity. The scale bar indicates 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5.
Multiple images obtained by multi-functional OCT and segmentation results for a case with fibrosis. A color fundus photograph (a) and NIR-AF (b) were obtained. The en face maps of (c) RPE-melanin and (d) PAF images and the cross sections of (e) scattering intensity, (f) OCTA, (g) DOPU, (h) RPE-melanin, and (i) RPE (red) overlaid on scattering intensity images at the dotted lines in en face maps are shown. The scale bar indicates 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6.
Multiple images obtained by multi-functional OCT and segmentation results for a subretinal hemorrhage case. A color fundus photograph (a) and NIR-AF (b) were obtained. The en face maps of (c) RPE-melanin and (d) PAF images and the cross sections of (e) scattering intensity, (f) OCTA, (g) DOPU, (h) RPE-melanin, and (i) RPE (red) overlaid on scattering intensity images at the dotted lines in en face maps are shown. The scale bar indicates 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 7.
Multiple images obtained by multi-functional OCT and segmentation results for a CNV case. A color fundus photograph (a) and NIR-AF (b) were obtained. The en face maps of (c) RPE-melanin and (d) PAF images and the cross sections of (e) scattering intensity, (f) OCTA, (g) DOPU, (h) RPE-melanin, and (i) RPE (red) overlaid on scattering intensity images at the dotted lines in en face maps are shown. The scale bar indicates 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 8.
Multiple images obtained by the multi-functional OCT and segmentation results for a CNV case. A color fundus photograph (a) and NIR-AF (b) were obtained. The en face map of (c) RPE-melanin and (d) PAF image and the cross sections of (e, j) scattering intensity, (f, k) OCTA, (g, l) DOPU, (h, m) RPE-melanin, and (i, n) RPE (red) overlaid on scattering intensity images at the dotted lines (1: e–i, 2: j–n) in en face maps are shown. The scale bar indicates 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm.
Fig. 9.
Fig. 9.
Several cases with subretinal hyperreflective material. OCT intensity images in (a, b, c) fibrosis cases and (d, e) hemorrhage cases. The local birefringence values are measured in the yellow circles.
Fig. 10.
Fig. 10.
En face projections of (a, b) DOPU and (c, d) RPE-melanin image, and (e, f) NIR-AF of (a, c, e) CNV and (b, d, f) fibrosis subjects. Some abnormal signatures are not appeared in DOPU projection (green circle and arrow), while high melanin signal patterns in RPE-melanin image are in good agreement with hyper-autofluorescence pattern of NIR-AF.
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