Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2019 Dec;11(12):807-817.
doi: 10.14740/jocmr4021. Epub 2019 Nov 24.

Asthma Control and Its Predictive Factors in Adult Asthma Patients

Eman Albataineh  1 , Enas Al-Zayadneh  2 , Hani Al-Shagahin  3 , Ahlam Al Soloman  4 , Areej Altarawneh  5 , Ibrahim Aldmour  6
Affiliations

Asthma Control and Its Predictive Factors in Adult Asthma Patients

Eman Albataineh et al. J Clin Med Res. 2019 Dec.

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: Asthma is a highly prevalent condition that remains difficult to control, as its associated factors remain poorly understood. Thus, the primary aim of the present investigation was to determine the prevalence of uncontrolled asthma in hospital units in south Jordan and to evaluate the risk factors that may contribute to uncontrolled asthma.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 93 patients aged 40.5 ± 13.6 years that met the criteria of the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Relevant patient data were collected via a questionnaire and through a review of medical records. The questionnaire comprised of sections pertaining to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, as well as pharmacological asthma treatment, asthma severity and asthma control. Asthma severity was determined in line with the GINA guidelines, whereby the patients were classified into four groups (intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent or severe persistent). Moreover, based on the findings yielded by the asthma control questionnaire (ACQ), patients were divided into three levels, whereby those diagnosed with partly controlled and uncontrolled asthma were combined into one group, denoted as "poorly controlled asthma", with "uncontrolled asthma" and "controlled asthma" as the remaining two groups. Atopy was defined as one or more positive reactions (A/H ratio > 1) on a skin prick test.

Results: Asthma control was achieved in 45.2% of the sample. Moreover, older age, severe asthma according to the GINA guidelines, longer duration of asthma, atopy, being on treatment for asthma and history of allergic rhinitis were identified as the main risk factors contributing to poorly controlled asthma. Multivariate analyses, however, revealed that only atopy to two or more allergens and having severe asthmatic attacks were statistically significantly associated with poorly controlled asthma, for which the odds ratio Mantel-Haenszel (ORMH) of 17.2 and 2.2 was obtained, respectively.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that severe asthma and atopy to two or more allergens are the main risk factors for uncontrolled asthma. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these results.

Keywords: Asthma control; Asthma severity; Atopy.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Frequency of GINA-based asthma severity cases in the controlled and uncontrolled asthma groups. GINA: Global Initiative for Asthma.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The frequency of aero-allergen sensitivity in controlled and uncontrolled asthma groups.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Asthma treatment with inhaled corticosteroids, inhaled β2-agonist and oral β2-agonist in the controlled and uncontrolled asthma groups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Pawankar R, Canonica GW, Holgate ST, Lockey RF. Allergic diseases and asthma: a major global health concern. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;12(1):39–41. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e32834ec13b. - DOI - PubMed
    1. To T, Stanojevic S, Moores G, Gershon AS, Bateman ED, Cruz AA, Boulet LP. Global asthma prevalence in adults: findings from the cross-sectional world health survey. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:204. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-204. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Backman H, Raisanen P, Hedman L, Stridsman C, Andersson M, Lindberg A, Lundback B. et al. Increased prevalence of allergic asthma from 1996 to 2006 and further to 2016-results from three population surveys. Clin Exp Allergy. 2017;47(11):1426–1435. doi: 10.1111/cea.12963. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Al-Sheyab NA, Alomari MA. Prevalence, associated factors, and control level of asthma symptoms among adolescents in Northern Jordan. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2018 doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0159. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Cookson W. The alliance of genes and environment in asthma and allergy. Nature. 1999;402(6760 Suppl):B5–11. doi: 10.1038/35037002. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources