[Alternative treatment options for periorbital basal cell carcinoma]

Abstract

Background: Latest developments as well as established procedures offer alternative treatment approaches to basal cell carcinoma (BCC) when micrographically controlled surgical removal is not a valid option.

Objective: Alternative treatment options for periorbital BCC are presented.

Methods: A literature search was carried out and a structured display and analysis of the results are given.

Results: Micrographically controlled surgical removal represents the gold standard in treatment of BCC. When for various reasons surgical removal is not a valid option, other procedures are required. The alternative treatment options can be divided into three main groups: treatment options for locally advanced or metastasized BCC, topical approaches for small and superficial BCC and prophylactic measures. While radiotherapy and systemic therapy are suitable for locally advanced BCC and are discussed in a tumor board, small and superficial BCC can be treated by topical medication. In cases of a previous BCC history, a prophylactic treatment can be considered. Combinations of systemic treatment and also neoadjuvant or adjuvant approaches before and after surgery are promising options for a successful outcome, which can further improve the standard treatment for locally advanced BCC.

Conclusion: Alternative treatment options for periocular BCC are available; however, the use is only indicated when microscopically controlled excision with subsequent oculoplastic reconstruction is not possible. According to the national guidelines a prior presentation to a suitable tumor board is practically compulsory.

Keywords: Hedgehog protein inhibitors; Irradiation; Prophylaxis; Topical treatment; Tumor board.