Recommendations for the Study of Vulvar Pain in Women, Part 1: Review of Assessment Tools

Abstract

Introduction: The etiology and consequences of chronic vulvar pain are multidimensional, resulting in highly variable clinical presentations and no established treatment algorithm. Inconsistent use of measurement tools across studies is a significant barrier to drawing conclusions regarding etiology and treatment. In a companion paper, we review additional methodological challenges to the study of chronic vulvar pain and potential solutions.

Aim: To review and recommend assessment and measurement tools for vulvar pain and associated key outcomes.

Methods: The authors reviewed the scientific evidence related to measurement of vulvar pain and made decisions regarding recommendations via discussion and consensus.

Main outcome measure: We assessed measurement tools for vulvar pain and related outcomes and considered advantages and disadvantages of their use.

Results: Empirically validated measurement tools are available and should be used uniformly across studies to support comparisons and pooling of results. There is, at times, a trade-off between advantages and disadvantages when selecting a particular tool, and researchers should be guided by their specific research aims, feasibility, and potential to gain further knowledge in the field. Researchers should incorporate a biopsychosocial assessment of vulvar pain and its consequences.

Clinical implications: This review provides a comprehensive list of measurement tool recommendations for use in clinical research, and in some cases, clinical practice.

Strengths & limitations: This expert review can guide study design and decision-making for those researching vulvar pain and its consequences. The review content and recommendations are based on expert knowledge of the literature rather than a formal systematic review.

Conclusion: A thorough consideration of vulvar pain assessment tools is essential for continued progress toward identifying factors involved in the development and maintenance of vulvar pain and developing empirically supported treatments. Rosen NO, Bergeron S, Pukall CF. Recommendations for the Study of Vulvar Pain in Women, Part 1: Review of Assessment Tools. J Sex Med 2020; 17:180-194.

Keywords: Genito-Pelvic Pain; Measurement; Vulvar Pain; Vulvodynia.