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. 2020 May 15:307:171-175.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.10.040. Epub 2019 Nov 5.

Prognostic impact of diabetes mellitus and index of microcirculatory resistance in patients undergoing fractional flow reserve-guided revascularization

Xinyang Hu  1 , Jinlong Zhang  2 , Joo Myung Lee  3 , Zexin Chen  4 , Doyeon Hwang  2 , Jonghanne Park  2 , Eun-Seok Shin  5 , Chang-Wook Nam  6 , Joon-Hyung Doh  7 , Shaoliang Chen  8 , Junqing Yang  9 , Nobuhiro Tanaka  10 , Shoichi Kuramitsu  11 , Hitoshi Matsuo  12 , Hiroaki Takashima  13 , Takashi Akasaka  14 , Bon-Kwon Koo  2 , Jianan Wang  15
Affiliations

Prognostic impact of diabetes mellitus and index of microcirculatory resistance in patients undergoing fractional flow reserve-guided revascularization

Xinyang Hu et al. Int J Cardiol. .

Abstract

Background: The prognostic impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) with or without coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) in patients undergoing fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided revascularization has not been clarified. We sought to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing FFR-guided revascularization according to the existence of DM and CMD.

Methods: A total of 283 patients with available FFR data as well as index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) were selected from the 3 V FFR-FRIENDS study. CMD was defined as an IMR ≥25U. Patients were grouped according to the presence of DM and CMD into group A (DM-, CMD-), group B (DM-, CMD+), group C (DM+, CMD-), and group D (DM+, CMD+). The primary outcome was a major adverse cardiac event (MACE, a composite of myocardial infarction, ischemia-driven revascularization, and cardiac death) at 2 years.

Results: DM patients displayed a notably higher risk of MACEs in comparison with non-DM patients (HR 4.88, 95% CI 1.54-15.48, p = 0.003). MACEs at 2 years among the four groups were 2.2%, 2.0%, 7.0%, and 18.5%, respectively. Group D exhibited a significantly higher risk of MACEs as compared to group A (HR 8.98, 95% CI 2.15-37.41, p = 0.003). Multivariable regression analysis showed that the presence of DM and CMD was an independent predictor of a 2-year MACE (HR 11.24, 95% CI 2.53-49.88, p = 0.002), and integrating CMD into a model with DM increased discriminant ability (C-index 0.683 vs. 0.710, p = 0.010, integrated discrimination improvement 0.015, p = 0.040).

Conclusion: Among the patients undergoing FFR-guided revascularization, those with DM and CMD were correlated with an augmented risk of MACEs. Integration of CMD improved risk stratification in predicting the occurrence of a MACE.

Keywords: Coronary artery disease; Diabetes mellitus; Fractional flow reserve; Index of microcirculatory resistance; Microvascular function.

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