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. 2020 Mar;51(1):125-134.
doi: 10.1007/s42770-019-00201-3. Epub 2019 Dec 12.

Antifungal activity of Copaíba resin oil in solution and nanoemulsion against Paracoccidioides spp

Lívia do Carmo Silva  1 , Meire Ane Costa Miguel Miranda  1 , Julianna Veiga de Freitas  2 , Sarah Fernanda Araújo Ferreira  2 , Emília Celma de Oliveira Lima  2 , Cecilia Maria Alves de Oliveira  3 , Lucilia Kato  3 , Ana Paula Terezan  3 , Anselmo Fortunato Ruiz Rodriguez  4 , Fernando Sergio Escócio Drumond Viana Faria  4 , Célia Maria de Almeida Soares  1 , Maristela Pereira  5
Affiliations

Antifungal activity of Copaíba resin oil in solution and nanoemulsion against Paracoccidioides spp

Lívia do Carmo Silva et al. Braz J Microbiol. 2020 Mar.

Abstract

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a disease caused by fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides. The disease is responsible for high rates of premature deaths and socioeconomic repercussions. The limitations of antifungal agents against PCM have motivated the search for new compounds. In our ongoing exploration of Cerrado plants as potential sources of new antifungal agents, we selected Copaifera langsdorffii oil (Copaíba resin oil) in order to explore its bioactive potential and test a formulation to increase oil stability and solubilization employing Pluronic F-127 to obtain the nanoemulsion of the oil. We aim at testing both Copaíba resin oil and its nanoemulsion against four species of the Paracoccidioides genus. We performed cytotoxicity test in Balb/C3T3 cells, hemolytic activity and interaction of Copaíba resin oil and Copaíba resin oil nanoemulsion (CopaPlu) with the antifungal agents such as amphotericin B, co-trimoxazole, and itraconazole. Moreover, the Copaíba resin oil was analyzed by mass spectrometry to identify its chemical profile. Eventually, a new methodology to prepare the nanoemulsion is presented. The Copaíba resin oil and CopaPlu nanoemulsion inhibited Paracoccidioides sp. growth efficiently, and no cytotoxicity or hemolytic effect was observed at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). When combined with amphotericin B, Copaíba resin oil and its nanoemulsion showed an additive effect with reduction of MIC values. The Copaíba resin oil and CopaPlu nanoemulsion is a promising antifungal agent against Paracoccidioides.

Keywords: Antifungal; Copaifera langsdorffii; Copaíba resin oil; Nanoemulsion; Paracoccidioides spp..

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
a Photography of CopaPlu samples. 1—CopaPlu as prepared; 2—CopaPlu freeze-dried powder; 3—CopaPlu reconstituted from freeze-dried process. b UV-visible spectra: black—CopaPlu as prepared; red—CopaPlu sterilized by filtration; inset graphic—alcoholic solution of Copaifera langsdorffii oil
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Hydrodynamic diameter size distribution of CopaPlu samples: a as prepared; b filtered; c reconstituted after freeze-drying. d Transmission electron microscopy images of droplets from reconstituted CopaPlu. e Droplet size distribution histogram, in which the solid line represents the best curve fitting using the log-normal distribution function
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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